The CCR4-NOT complex plays a key role in mRNA decay in all eukaryotes, thereby contributing importantly to gene expression regulation []. Human C2ORF29 proteins, also known as CNOT11, is a component of the CCR4-NOT complex. CNOT11 interacts with the first amino acids of CNOT1 and with CNOT10 and is required for the association of CNOT10 with the CCR4-NOT complex [].
Not1 is the core component of the CCR4/NOT complex, which plays roles in the negative regulation of gene expression at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. This entry includes Not1 (also known as Cdc39) and its homologues, such as LET-711 from Caenorhabditis elegans []. De novo variants in CNOT1 have been shown to cause neurodevelopmental delay []. The Ccr4-Not complex is a global regulator of gene expression that is conserved from yeast to human. It affects genes positively and negatively and is thought to regulate transcription factor IID function. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it exists in two prominent forms and consists of at least nine core subunits: the five Not proteins (Not1 to Not5), Caf1, Caf40, Caf130 and Ccr4 []. The Ccr4-Not complex regulates many different cellular functions, including RNA degradation and transcription initiation. It may be a regulatory platform that senses nutrient levels and stress []. Caf1 and Ccr4, are directly involved in mRNA deadenylation, and Caf1p is associated with Dhh1, a putative RNA helicase thought to be a component of the decapping complex []. Pop2, a component of the Ccr4-Not complex, functions as a deadenylase [].
