This entry includes SATB1/2 from animals. SATB1 is a global gene regulator that acts as a "docking site"for several chromatin remodeling enzymes and recruits corepressors (HDACs) or coactivators (HATs) directly to promoters []. SATB1 can bind DNA specifically to the consensus SATB1-binding sequence (CSBS) consisting of two 5'-TAATA-3' half-sites that are arranged as inverted repeats flanking a central cytosine or guanine. It can also bind DNA non-specifically []. SATB1 has been shown to bind to the nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs) of the immunoglobulin heavy chain intronic enhancer [], while SATB2 has been shown to bind to the MARs of the endogenous immunoglobulin micro locus in pre-B cells and enhances gene expression [].SATB1 is an identified oncogene, its increased expression is associated with poor prognosis in many cancers []. Mutations in the SATB2 gene cause SATB2-associated syndrome (SAS), characterised by developmental delay/intellectual disability with absent or limited speech development, craniofacial abnormalities, behavioral problems, dysmorphic features, and palatal and dental abnormalities [, ].
This superfamily represents a domain found in SATB (special AT-rich sequence-binding) proteins that are global chromatin organisers and gene expression regulators essential for T-cell development and breast cancer tumour growth and metastasis. The N terminus of SATB1 (residues 90-204) is made up of ULD and CUTL domains. This entry represents the CUTL (CUT repeat-like) domain, which shares structure similarity with the CUT1 domain and has the evolutionarily conserved amino acids involved in CUT1 DNA binding [, ]. This domain is essential for the contact between DNA and SATB1.
