Synaptotagmin-14 (SYT14) belongs to the synaptotagmin family, which is a group of membrane-trafficking proteins that contain two C-terminal C2 domains (known as C2A and C2B domains). Most of the synaptotagmins have a unique N-terminal domain (transmembrane region) that is involved in membrane anchoring or specific ligand binding. In mammals, SYT14 is expressed in brain (especially in the cerebellum) []. Mutations in SYT14 gene cause spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive, 11 (SCAR11), which is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of cerebellar disorders []. This entry also includes synaptotagmin-14-like protein (SYT14L, also known as sytdep) from human, which is highly expressed in mature peripheral blood neutrophils [].
This entry includes Synaptotagmin-14/14L/16 proteins. They belong to the synaptotagmin family, which is a group of membrane-trafficking proteins that contain two C-terminal C2 domains (known as C2A and C2B domains). The C2 domain is a Ca2-dependent membrane-targeting module. Most of the synaptotagmins have a unique N-terminal domain (transmembrane region) that is involved in membrane anchoring or specific ligand binding [].The 3D structure of the C2 domain of synaptotagmin has been reported []. The domain forms an eight-stranded beta sandwich constructed around a conserved 4-stranded motif, designated a C2 key []. Calcium binds in a cup-shaped depression formed by the N- and C-terminal loops of the C2-key motif. Structural analyses of several C2 domains have shown them to consist of similar ternary structures in which three Ca2-binding loops are located at the end of an 8 stranded antiparallel beta sandwich.In mammals Synaptotagmin-14 (SYT14) is expressed in brain (especially in the cerebellum) []. Mutations in SYT14 gene cause spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive, 11 (SCAR11), which is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of cerebellar disorders [].This entry also includes synaptotagmin-14-like protein (SYT14L, also known as sytdep) from human, which is highly expressed in mature peripheral blood neutrophils [].SYT16 is Ca2-independent and may be involved in membrane trafficking in specific tissues outside the brain [].
