Type |
Details |
Score |
Publication |
First Author: |
Lubet RA |
Year: |
2005 |
Journal: |
Carcinogenesis |
Title: |
4-Hydroxybutyl(butyl)nitrosamine-induced urinary bladder cancers in mice: characterization of FHIT and survivin expression and chemopreventive effects of indomethacin. |
Volume: |
26 |
Issue: |
3 |
Pages: |
571-8 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Lux A |
Year: |
1997 |
Journal: |
Hum Genet |
Title: |
Identification of novel 'expressed sequence tags' within the FHIT gene locus in human chromosome region 3p14.2. |
Volume: |
100 |
Issue: |
1 |
Pages: |
90-5 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Allele |
Name: |
fragile histidine triad gene; endonuclease-mediated mutation 1, Shanghai Model Organisms Center |
Allele Type: |
Endonuclease-mediated |
Attribute String: |
Null/knockout |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Strain |
Attribute String: |
coisogenic, mutant strain, endonuclease-mediated mutation |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Pace HC |
Year: |
2000 |
Journal: |
Curr Biol |
Title: |
Crystal structure of the worm NitFhit Rosetta Stone protein reveals a Nit tetramer binding two Fhit dimers. |
Volume: |
10 |
Issue: |
15 |
Pages: |
907-17 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Gemmill RM |
Year: |
1998 |
Journal: |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
Title: |
The hereditary renal cell carcinoma 3;8 translocation fuses FHIT to a patched-related gene, TRC8. |
Volume: |
95 |
Issue: |
16 |
Pages: |
9572-7 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Zhang H |
Year: |
2009 |
Journal: |
Int Immunol |
Title: |
Mammalian nitrilase 1 homologue Nit1 is a negative regulator in T cells. |
Volume: |
21 |
Issue: |
6 |
Pages: |
691-703 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Chou TF |
Year: |
2005 |
Journal: |
J Biol Chem |
Title: |
31P NMR and genetic analysis establish hinT as the only Escherchia coli purine nucleoside phosphoramidase and as essential for growth under high salt conditions. |
Volume: |
280 |
Issue: |
15 |
Pages: |
15356-61 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein Domain |
Type: |
Family |
Description: |
The Histidine Triad (HIT) motif, His-x-His-x-His-x-x (x, ahydrophobic amino acid) was identified as being highly conserved in a variety of organisms [, ]. On the basis of sequence, substrate specificity, structure, evolution and mechanism, HIT proteins are classified into three branches: the Hint branch, which consists of adenosine 5' -monophosphoramide hydrolases, the FHIT branch, that consists of diadenosine polyphosphate hydrolases, and the GalT branch consisting of specific nucloside monophosphate transferases [, ]. In budding yeast Hnt1 has been shown to have adenosine monophosphoramidase activity and function as positive regulators of Cdk7/Kin28 in vivo [, ]. FHIT plays a very important role in the development of tumours. In fact, FHIT deletions are among the earliest and most frequent genetic alterations in the development of tumours [, ]. The third branch of the HIT superfamily, which includes GalT homologues, contains a related His-X-His-X-Gln motif and transfers nucleoside monophosphate moieties to phosphorylated second substrates ratherthan hydrolysing them []. |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Mozier NM |
Year: |
1991 |
Journal: |
FEBS Lett |
Title: |
Characterization of a novel zinc binding site of protein kinase C inhibitor-1. |
Volume: |
279 |
Issue: |
1 |
Pages: |
14-8 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Pearson JD |
Year: |
1990 |
Journal: |
J Biol Chem |
Title: |
Amino acid sequence and characterization of a protein inhibitor of protein kinase C. |
Volume: |
265 |
Issue: |
8 |
Pages: |
4583-91 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein Domain |
Type: |
Conserved_site |
Description: |
The Histidine Triad (HIT) motif, His-x-His-x-His-x-x (x, ahydrophobic amino acid) was identified as being highly conserved in a variety of organisms []. Crystal structure of rabbit Hint, purified as an adenosine and AMP-binding protein, showed that proteins in the HITsuperfamily are conserved as nucleotide-binding proteins and that Hint homologues, which are found in all forms of life, are structurally related to Fhit homologues and GalT-related enzymes, which have more restricted phylogenetic profiles []. Hint homologues including rabbit Hint and yeastHnt1 hydrolyse adenosine 5' monophosphoramide substrates such as AMP-NH2 andAMP-lysineto AMP plus the amine product and function as positive regulatorsof Cdk7/Kin28 in vivo []. Fhit homologues are diadenosine polyphosphate hydrolases []and function as tumour suppressors in human and mouse []though the tumour suppressing function of Fhit does not depend on ApppA hydrolysis []. The third branch of the HIT superfamily, which includesGalT homologues, contains a related His-X-His-X-Gln motif and transfersnucleoside monophosphate moieties to phosphorylated second substrates ratherthan hydrolysing them [].The bovine protein kinase C inhibitor, PKCI-1, is an inhibitor protein that binds zinc without the use of zinc-finger motifs []. Each protein molecule binds one zinc ion via a novel binding site containing 3 closely-spaced histidine residues []. This region, referred to as the histidine triad (HIT) [], has been identified in various prokaryotic and eukaryotic proteins of uncertain function [].The signature pattern used in this entry contains the region of the histidine triad and includes the three conserved histidine residues which are thought to bind the zinc ion. |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Brenner C |
Year: |
1997 |
Journal: |
Nat Struct Biol |
Title: |
Crystal structures of HINT demonstrate that histidine triad proteins are GalT-related nucleotide-binding proteins. |
Volume: |
4 |
Issue: |
3 |
Pages: |
231-8 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Bieganowski P |
Year: |
2002 |
Journal: |
J Biol Chem |
Title: |
Adenosine monophosphoramidase activity of Hint and Hnt1 supports function of Kin28, Ccl1, and Tfb3. |
Volume: |
277 |
Issue: |
13 |
Pages: |
10852-60 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Peracchi A |
Year: |
2017 |
Journal: |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
Title: |
Nit1 is a metabolite repair enzyme that hydrolyzes deaminated glutathione. |
Volume: |
114 |
Issue: |
16 |
Pages: |
E3233-E3242 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Carpio RV |
Year: |
2004 |
Journal: |
J Biol Chem |
Title: |
Role of the histidine triad-like motif in nucleotide hydrolysis by the rotavirus RNA-packaging protein NSP2. |
Volume: |
279 |
Issue: |
11 |
Pages: |
10624-33 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Lima CD |
Year: |
1997 |
Journal: |
Structure |
Title: |
MAD analysis of FHIT, a putative human tumor suppressor from the HIT protein family. |
Volume: |
5 |
Issue: |
6 |
Pages: |
763-74 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Brzoska PM |
Year: |
1996 |
Journal: |
Genomics |
Title: |
Cloning, mapping, and in vivo localization of a human member of the PKCI-1 protein family (PRKCNH1). |
Volume: |
36 |
Issue: |
1 |
Pages: |
151-6 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Chien CH |
Year: |
2012 |
Journal: |
J Biol Chem |
Title: |
Structural insights into the catalytic active site and activity of human Nit2/ω-amidase: kinetic assay and molecular dynamics simulation. |
Volume: |
287 |
Issue: |
31 |
Pages: |
25715-26 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Lin CH |
Year: |
2007 |
Journal: |
FEBS J |
Title: |
Growth inhibitory effect of the human NIT2 gene and its allelic imbalance in cancers. |
Volume: |
274 |
Issue: |
11 |
Pages: |
2946-56 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein Domain |
Type: |
Family |
Description: |
HIT (Histidine triad) proteins, named for a motif related to the sequence HxHxH/Qxx (x, a hydrophobic amino acid), are a superfamily of nucleotide hydrolases and transferases that act on the alpha-phosphate of ribonucleotides. On the basis of sequence, substrate specificity, structure, evolution and mechanism, HIT proteins are classified in the literature into three major branches: the Hint branch, which consists of adenosine 5' -monophosphoramide hydrolases, the Fhit branch, which consists of diadenosine polyphosphate hydrolases, and the GalT branch, consisting of specific nucleoside monophosphate transferases. Further sequence analysis reveals several new, closely related, yet uncharacterised subgroups. This group includes bacterial proteins which are members from the Hint branch of hydrolases. For additional information please see [, , , , , ]. |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein Domain |
Type: |
Domain |
Description: |
Proteins containing this domain include mammalian Nit1 and Nit2, the Nit1-like domain of the invertebrate NitFhit, yeast Nit3 and various uncharacterized bacterial and archaeal Nit-like proteins. In general, they are amidases involved in various metabolic processes. Nit1 is a deaminated glutathione amidase [], while Nit2 is an omega-amidase []. They are candidate tumour suppressor proteins []. In NitFhit, the Nit1-like domain is encoded as a fusion protein with the non-homologous tumour suppressor, fragile histidine triad (Fhit) []. Mammalian Nit1 and Fhit may affect distinct signal pathways, and both may participate in DNA damage-induced apoptosis []. Nit1 is a negative regulator in T cells []. Overexpression of Nit2 in HeLa cells leads to a suppression of cell growth through cell cycle arrest in G2 []. |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein Domain |
Type: |
Family |
Description: |
HINT (histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein) are related to the HIT family members that carry a motif HxHxH/Qxx (x, is a hydrophobic amino acid) []. On the basis of sequence, substrate specificity, structure, evolution and mechanism, HIT proteins are classified into three branches: the Hint branch, which consists of adenosine 5' -monophosphoramide hydrolases, the FHIT branch, that consists of diadenosine polyphosphate hydrolases, and the GalT branch consisting of specific nucloside monophosphate transferases []. HINT family includes members from all three forms of cellular life. In budding yeast Hnt1 has been shown to have adenosine monophosphoramidase activity []. It is involved in secretion, peroxisome formation and gene expression [, ]. The bacterial and archaeal members of this family are mostly uncharacterised. |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
163
|
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
126
|
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
163
|
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Krummel KA |
Year: |
2002 |
Journal: |
Genes Chromosomes Cancer |
Title: |
The common fragile site FRA16D and its associated gene WWOX are highly conserved in the mouse at Fra8E1. |
Volume: |
34 |
Issue: |
2 |
Pages: |
154-67 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Powell DJ Jr |
Year: |
2001 |
Journal: |
Oncogene |
Title: |
Altered gene expression in immunogenic poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas from RET/PTC3p53-/- mice. |
Volume: |
20 |
Issue: |
25 |
Pages: |
3235-46 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Yutori H |
Year: |
2008 |
Journal: |
Cancer Sci |
Title: |
Restoration of fragile histidine triad expression restores Chk2 activity in response to ionizing radiation in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. |
Volume: |
99 |
Issue: |
3 |
Pages: |
524-30 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Fröhlich KU |
Year: |
1991 |
Journal: |
J Cell Biol |
Title: |
Yeast cell cycle protein CDC48p shows full-length homology to the mammalian protein VCP and is a member of a protein family involved in secretion, peroxisome formation, and gene expression. |
Volume: |
114 |
Issue: |
3 |
Pages: |
443-53 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Klein MG |
Year: |
1998 |
Journal: |
Exp Cell Res |
Title: |
Characterization of PKCI and comparative studies with FHIT, related members of the HIT protein family. |
Volume: |
244 |
Issue: |
1 |
Pages: |
26-32 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
De Flora S |
Year: |
2008 |
Journal: |
Mutat Res |
Title: |
High susceptibility of neonatal mice to molecular, biochemical and cytogenetic alterations induced by environmental cigarette smoke and light. |
Volume: |
659 |
Issue: |
1-2 |
Pages: |
137-46 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
338
|
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
119
|
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
276
|
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
323
|
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
196
|
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
342
|
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
352
|
Fragment?: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|