RNA-binding protein 46 (RBM46) regulates trophectoderm specification by stabilising Cdx2 mRNA in early mouse embryos []. RBM46 contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) and a C-terminal double-stranded RNA binding motif (DSR) []. This entry represents the DSR of RBM46.
This domain occurs at the N-terminal of proteins belonging to the caudal-related homeobox protein family. This region is thought to mediate transcription activation. The level of activation caused by mouse Cdx2 () is affected by phosphorylation at serine 60 via the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway []. Caudal family proteins are involved in the transcriptional regulation of multiple genes expressed in the intestinal epithelium, and are important in differentiation and maintenance of the intestinal epithelial lining. Caudal proteins always have a homeobox DNA binding domain ().
RBM46 is also termed cancer/testis antigen 68 (CT68), a putative RNA-binding protein that shows high sequence homology with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R (hnRNP R) and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein Q (hnRNP Q). Its biological function remains unclear. It has been shown to bind to and stabilize Cdx2 mRNA in early mouse embryos []. Like hnRNP R and hnRNP Q, RBM46 contains two well-defined and one degenerated RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) and a C-terminal double-stranded RNA binding motif (DSRM).This entry represents the RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) of RBM46.
RBM46 is also termed cancer/testis antigen 68 (CT68), a putative RNA-binding protein that shows high sequence homology with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R (hnRNP R) and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein Q (hnRNP Q). Its biological function remains unclear. It has been shown to bind to and stabilize Cdx2 mRNA in early mouse embryos []. Like hnRNP R and hnRNP Q, RBM46 contains two well-defined and one degenerated RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) and a C-terminal double-stranded RNA binding motif (DSRM).This entry represents the RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) of RBM46.
Cadherin-related family member 5 (also known as Mucin and cadherin like, Mucdhl or MUPCDH) belongs to the protocadherins subgroup of the cadherin superfamily, whose members are membranous glycoproteins mediating Ca2+-dependent cell-to-cell adhesion []. The Mucdhl gene encodes several splicing isoforms that are mostly expressed in the kidney, liver, and gut [, , ]. Mucdhl is associated with Cdx2 and beta-catenin, and is linked to colorectal carcinogenesis []. It interacts with PCDH24 and plays a role in the brush border assembly [].This entry also includes cadherin-86C from the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster.
This entry represents engulfment and cell motility protein 3 (ELMO3) from vertebrates. The expression of ELMO3 may be regulated by transcription factors, such as CDX2 and SP1 []. ELMO3 has been linked to lung cancer development and metastases formation [].ELMO 1-3 are orthologues of the Caenorhabditis elegans ced-12, which is required for the engulfment of dying cells and cell migration []. They are cytoplasmic adaptor proteins that interact with DOCK family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) to promote activation of the small GTPase Rac []. ELMO proteins interact with the SH3-domain of DOCKs via an SH3-binding site to enhance the GEF activity of DOCKs. Regulatory GTPases in the Ras superfamily employ a cycle of alternating GTP binding and hydrolysis, controlled by GEFs and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), as essential features of their actions in cells [, ].
