Acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO) acts on CoA derivatives of fatty acids with chain lengths from 8 to 18. It catalyses the first and rate-determining step of the peroxisomal beta-oxidation of fatty acids [].Acyl-CoA oxidase is a homodimer and the polypeptide chain of the subunit is folded into the N-terminal alpha-domain, beta-domain, and C-terminal alpha-domain []. Functional differences between the peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidases and the mitochondrial acyl-CoA dehydrogenases are attributed to structural differences in the FAD environments []. Experimental data indicate that, in the pumpkin, the expression patternof ACOX is very similar to that of the glyoxysomal enzyme 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase []. In humans, defects in ACOX1 are the cause of pseudoneonatal adrenoleukodystrophy, also known as peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase deficiency. Pseudo-NALD is a peroxisomal single-enzyme disorder. Clinical features include mental retardation, leukodystrophy, seizures, mild hepatomegaly and hearing deficit. Pseudo-NALD is characterised by increased plasma levels of very-long chain fatty acids due to a decrease in, or absence of, peroxisome acyl-CoA oxidase activity, despite the peroxisomes being intact and functioning.This entry represents the Acyl-CoA oxidase C-terminal.
Acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO) acts on CoA derivatives of fatty acids with chain lengths from 8 to 18. It catalyses the first and rate-determining step of the peroxisomal beta-oxidation of fatty acids and a major producer of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) [, ].Acyl-CoA oxidase is a homodimer and the polypeptide chain of the subunit is folded into the N-terminal alpha-domain, beta-domain, and C-terminal alpha-domain [, ]. Functional differences between the peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidases and the mitochondrial acyl-CoA dehydrogenases are attributed to structural differences in the FAD environments []. Experimental data indicate that in the pumpkin, the expression pattern of ACOX is very similar to that of the glyoxysomal enzyme 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase []. In humans, defects in ACOX1 are the cause of pseudoneonatal adrenoleukodystrophy, also known as peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase deficiency. Clinical features include mental retardation, leukodystrophy, seizures, mild hepatomegaly and hearing deficit. Pseudo-NALD is characterised by increased plasma levels of very-long chain fatty acids due to a decrease in, or absence of, peroxisome acyl-CoA oxidase activity, despite the peroxisomes being intact and functioning [].
