There are two mammalian homologue of Drosophila tumor suppressor Lats (large tumor suppressor, also known as Warts): LATS1 and LATS2. Lats/Warts is a serine/threonine-protein kinase that negatively regulates YAP1 (Drosophila Yorkie (Yki) homologue) in the Hippo signaling pathway, which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis [, ]. This entry represents LATS2, which plays an important part in centrosome duplication, maintenance of mitotic fidelity and genomic stability []. This entry also includes Warts from Drosophila melanogaster which is a negative regulator of Yorkie (Yki) in the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signalling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumour suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis [].
This entry represents the RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) of DND1, an RNA-binding protein that is essential for maintaining viable germ cells in vertebrates [, ]. It interacts with the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of multiple messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and prevents micro-RNA (miRNA) mediated repression of mRNA [, ]. For instance, DND1 binds cell cycle inhibitor, P27 (p27Kip1, CDKN1B), and cell cycle regulator and tumor suppressor, LATS2 (large tumor suppressor, homologue 2 of Drosophila) []. It helps maintain their protein expression through blocking the inhibitory function of microRNAs (miRNA) from these transcripts. DND1 may also impose another level of translational regulation to modulate expression of critical factors in embryonic stem (ES) cells. DND1 interacts specifically with apolipoprotein B editing complex 3 (APOBEC3), a multi-functional protein inhibiting retroviral replication. The DND1-APOBEC3 interaction may play a role in maintaining viability of germ cells and for preventing germ cell tumor development []. DND1 contains two conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRMs).
