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Search results 101 to 200 out of 222 for Mc3r

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Type Details Score
GXD Expression
GXD Expression
Probe: MGI:4884432
Assay Type: RNA in situ
Annotation Date: 2011-04-11
Strength: Present
Sex: Not Specified
Emaps: EMAPS:1757723
Pattern: Regionally restricted
Stage: TS23
Assay Id: MGI:4944822
Age: embryonic day 15.5
Image: g00245 E15.5
Note: Expression was region specific and scattered.
Specimen Label: g00245 E15.5
Detected: true
Specimen Num: 2
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GXD Expression
GXD Expression
 
Probe: MGI:4884432
Assay Type: RNA in situ
Annotation Date: 2011-04-11
Strength: Present
Sex: Not Specified
Emaps: EMAPS:1757728
Pattern: Widespread
Stage: TS28
Assay Id: MGI:4944822
Age: postnatal day 7
Image: g00245 P7
Specimen Label: g00245 P7
Detected: true
Specimen Num: 3
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Publication
15642615 | J:101860
First Author: Vaughan CH
Year: 2005
Journal: Physiol Behav
Title: Meal patterns and foraging in melanocortin receptor knockout mice.
Volume: 84
Issue: 1
Pages: 129-33
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Publication
12639936 | J:115698
First Author: Marks DL
Year: 2003
Journal: Endocrinology
Title: Differential role of melanocortin receptor subtypes in cachexia.
Volume: 144
Issue: 4
Pages: 1513-23
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Publication
15034587 | J:109494
First Author: Fan W
Year: 2004
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Title: Cholecystokinin-mediated suppression of feeding involves the brainstem melanocortin system.
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Pages: 335-6
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Publication
10973258 | J:64365
First Author: Chen AS
Year: 2000
Journal: Nat Genet
Title: Inactivation of the mouse melanocortin-3 receptor results in increased fat mass and reduced lean body mass.
Volume: 26
Issue: 1
Pages: 97-102
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Publication
23007189 | J:192745
First Author: Yeo GS
Year: 2012
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Title: Unraveling the brain regulation of appetite: lessons from genetics.
Volume: 15
Issue: 10
Pages: 1343-9
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Publication
21703408 | J:174002
First Author: Montero-Melendez T
Year: 2011
Journal: Am J Pathol
Title: The melanocortin agonist AP214 exerts anti-inflammatory and proresolving properties.
Volume: 179
Issue: 1
Pages: 259-69
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Publication
32029712 | J:296172
First Author: Montero-Melendez T
Year: 2020
Journal: Nat Commun
Title: Therapeutic senescence via GPCR activation in synovial fibroblasts facilitates resolution of arthritis.
Volume: 11
Issue: 1
Pages: 745
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Publication
12626592 | J:82294
First Author: Getting SJ
Year: 2003
Journal: J Immunol
Title: Redundancy of a functional melanocortin 1 receptor in the anti-inflammatory actions of melanocortin peptides: studies in the recessive yellow (e/e) mouse suggest an important role for melanocortin 3 receptor.
Volume: 170
Issue: 6
Pages: 3323-30
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Publication
11369941 | J:69814
First Author: Butler AA
Year: 2001
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Title: Melanocortin-4 receptor is required for acute homeostatic responses to increased dietary fat.
Volume: 4
Issue: 6
Pages: 605-11
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Publication
8954958 | J:37580
First Author: Schiöth HB
Year: 1996
Journal: Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Title: Evidence indicating that the TM4, EL2, and TM5 of the melanocortin 3 receptor Do not participate in ligand binding.
Volume: 229
Issue: 3
Pages: 687-92
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Publication
19041763 | J:144378
First Author: Kumar KG
Year: 2008
Journal: Cell Metab
Title: Identification of adropin as a secreted factor linking dietary macronutrient intake with energy homeostasis and lipid metabolism.
Volume: 8
Issue: 6
Pages: 468-81
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Publication
8185570 | J:18072
First Author: Gantz I
Year: 1994
Journal: Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Title: Molecular cloning, expression, and characterization of a fifth melanocortin receptor.
Volume: 200
Issue: 3
Pages: 1214-20
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Publication
10534402 | J:58263
First Author: Keeney S
Year: 1999
Journal: Genomics
Title: A mouse homolog of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae meiotic recombination DNA transesterase Spo11p.
Volume: 61
Issue: 2
Pages: 170-82
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Publication
20526334 | J:161611
First Author: Perez-Tilve D
Year: 2010
Journal: Nat Neurosci
Title: Melanocortin signaling in the CNS directly regulates circulating cholesterol.
Volume: 13
Issue: 7
Pages: 877-82
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Publication
14962995 | J:90744
First Author: Chen HY
Year: 2004
Journal: Endocrinology
Title: Orexigenic action of peripheral ghrelin is mediated by neuropeptide Y and agouti-related protein.
Volume: 145
Issue: 6
Pages: 2607-12
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Publication
23867526 | J:205314
First Author: Almodovar AJ
Year: 2013
Journal: Mol Genet Metab
Title: Genomic structure and genetic drift in C57BL/6 congenic metabolic mutant mice.
Volume: 110
Issue: 3
Pages: 396-400
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Publication
9545506 | J:47272
First Author: de Miguel M
Year: 1998
Journal: Mamm Genome
Title: Cellular apoptosis susceptibility gene capts maps to mouse chromosome 2.
Volume: 9
Issue: 5
Pages: 411-2
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Publication
12865302 | J:84823
First Author: O'Shaughnessy PJ
Year: 2003
Journal: Endocrinology
Title: Adrenocorticotropic hormone directly stimulates testosterone production by the fetal and neonatal mouse testis.
Volume: 144
Issue: 8
Pages: 3279-84
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Publication
24981835 | J:215467
First Author: Lute B
Year: 2014
Journal: Cell Metab
Title: Biphasic effect of melanocortin agonists on metabolic rate and body temperature.
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Pages: 333-45
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Publication
17885689 | J:127528
First Author: Nogueiras R
Year: 2007
Journal: J Clin Invest
Title: The central melanocortin system directly controls peripheral lipid metabolism.
Volume: 117
Issue: 11
Pages: 3475-88
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Publication
8990120 | J:37848
First Author: Fan W
Year: 1997
Journal: Nature
Title: Role of melanocortinergic neurons in feeding and the agouti obesity syndrome.
Volume: 385
Issue: 6612
Pages: 165-8
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Publication
23312282 | J:195073
First Author: Arteaga-Solis E
Year: 2013
Journal: Cell Metab
Title: Inhibition of leptin regulation of parasympathetic signaling as a cause of extreme body weight-associated asthma.
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Pages: 35-48
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Publication
12881723 | J:84842
First Author: Ewart-Toland A
Year: 2003
Journal: Nat Genet
Title: Identification of Stk6/STK15 as a candidate low-penetrance tumor-susceptibility gene in mouse and human.
Volume: 34
Issue: 4
Pages: 403-12
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Publication
9454589 | J:45497
First Author: Kiefer LL
Year: 1998
Journal: Biochemistry
Title: Melanocortin receptor binding determinants in the agouti protein.
Volume: 37
Issue: 4
Pages: 991-7
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Publication
7949735 | J:20041
First Author: Magenis RE
Year: 1994
Journal: Mamm Genome
Title: Mapping of the ACTH, MSH, and neural (MC3 and MC4) melanocortin receptors in the mouse and human.
Volume: 5
Issue: 8
Pages: 503-8
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Publication
8000144 | J:20133
First Author: Malas S
Year: 1994
Journal: Mamm Genome
Title: The genes for endothelin 3, vitamin D 24-hydroxylase, and melanocortin 3 receptor map to distal mouse chromosome 2, in the region of conserved synteny with human chromosome 20.
Volume: 5
Issue: 9
Pages: 577-9
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Publication
9514916 | J:46390
First Author: Shindo M
Year: 1998
Journal: Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Title: cDNA cloning, expression, subcellular localization, and chromosomal assignment of mammalian aurora homologues, aurora-related kinase (ARK) 1 and 2.
Volume: 244
Issue: 1
Pages: 285-92
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Publication
9763877 | J:50986
First Author: Zemel MB
Year: 1998
Journal: Nutr Rev
Title: Agouti/melanocortin interactions with leptin pathways in obesity.
Volume: 56
Issue: 9
Pages: 271-4
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Publication
10321434 | J:54446
First Author: Augustine KA
Year: 1999
Journal: Anat Rec
Title: Rodent mutant models of obesity and their correlations to human obesity.
Volume: 257
Issue: 2
Pages: 64-72
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Publication
18719666 | J:185494
First Author: Brommage R
Year: 2008
Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring)
Title: High-throughput screening of mouse knockout lines identifies true lean and obese phenotypes.
Volume: 16
Issue: 10
Pages: 2362-7
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Publication
8973143 | J:36583
First Author: Chagnon YC
Year: 1996
Journal: Trends Genet
Title: Genetics of obesity: advances from rodent studies.
Volume: 12
Issue: 11
Pages: 441-4
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Publication
9151674 | J:40187
First Author: Miner JH
Year: 1997
Journal: J Cell Biol
Title: The laminin alpha chains: expression, developmental transitions, and chromosomal locations of alpha1-5, identification of heterotrimeric laminins 8-11, and cloning of a novel alpha3 isoform.
Volume: 137
Issue: 3
Pages: 685-701
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Publication
9616220 | J:48038
First Author: Mehrabian M
Year: 1998
Journal: J Clin Invest
Title: Genetic loci controlling body fat, lipoprotein metabolism, and insulin levels in a multifactorial mouse model.
Volume: 101
Issue: 11
Pages: 2485-96
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Publication
23070814 | J:188254
First Author: Budry L
Year: 2012
Journal: Genes Dev
Title: The selector gene Pax7 dictates alternate pituitary cell fates through its pioneer action on chromatin remodeling.
Volume: 26
Issue: 20
Pages: 2299-310
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Publication
25810521 | J:221341
First Author: Lun MP
Year: 2015
Journal: J Neurosci
Title: Spatially heterogeneous choroid plexus transcriptomes encode positional identity and contribute to regional CSF production.
Volume: 35
Issue: 12
Pages: 4903-16
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Publication
- | J:238766
     
First Author: Shanghai Model Organisms Center
Year: 2017
Journal: MGI Direct Data Submission
Title: Information obtained from the Shanghai Model Organisms Center (SMOC), Shanghai, China
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Publication
- | J:94338
     
First Author: NIH Mouse Knockout Inventory
Year: 2004
Journal: MGI Direct Data Submission
Title: Information obtained from the NIH Mouse Knockout Inventory
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Publication
- | J:265051
     
First Author: MGI and IMPC
Year: 2018
Journal: Database Release
Title: MGI Load of Endonuclease-Mediated Alleles (CRISPR) from the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC)
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Publication
24952961 | J:215487
First Author: Thompson CL
Year: 2014
Journal: Neuron
Title: A high-resolution spatiotemporal atlas of gene expression of the developing mouse brain.
Volume: 83
Issue: 2
Pages: 309-323
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Publication
- | J:136110
     
First Author: Velocigene
Year: 2008
Journal: MGI Direct Data Submission
Title: Alleles produced for the KOMP project by Velocigene (Regeneron Pharmaceuticals)
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Publication
- | J:155845
     
First Author: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
Year: 2010
Journal: MGI Direct Data Submission
Title: Alleles produced for the EUCOMM and EUCOMMTools projects by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
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Publication
- | J:211773
     
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics and the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC)
Year: 2014
Journal: Database Release
Title: Obtaining and Loading Phenotype Annotations from the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC) Database
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Publication
- | J:342605
       
First Author: GOA curators
Year: 2016
Title: Automatic transfer of experimentally verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs using Ensembl Compara
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Publication
- | J:155856
       
First Author: The Gene Ontology Consortium
Year: 2014
Title: Automated transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to mouse-rat orthologs
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Publication
16602821 | J:162220
First Author: Magdaleno S
Year: 2006
Journal: PLoS Biol
Title: BGEM: an in situ hybridization database of gene expression in the embryonic and adult mouse nervous system.
Volume: 4
Issue: 4
Pages: e86
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Publication
- | J:23000
       
First Author: MGD Nomenclature Committee
Year: 1995
Title: Nomenclature Committee Use
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Publication
21677750 | J:173534
First Author: Skarnes WC
Year: 2011
Journal: Nature
Title: A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function.
Volume: 474
Issue: 7351
Pages: 337-42
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Publication
38355793 | J:345621
First Author: Adams DJ
Year: 2024
Journal: Nature
Title: Genetic determinants of micronucleus formation in vivo.
Volume: 627
Issue: 8002
Pages: 130-136
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Publication
- | J:293217
       
First Author: GemPharmatech
Year: 2020
Title: GemPharmatech Website.
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Publication
- | J:68900
     
First Author: The Jackson Laboratory Mouse Radiation Hybrid Database
Year: 2004
Journal: Database Release
Title: Mouse T31 Radiation Hybrid Data Load
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Publication
12466851 | J:80000
First Author: Okazaki Y
Year: 2002
Journal: Nature
Title: Analysis of the mouse transcriptome based on functional annotation of 60,770 full-length cDNAs.
Volume: 420
Issue: 6915
Pages: 563-73
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Publication
- | J:164563
       
First Author: The Gene Ontology Consortium
Year: 2010
Title: Automated transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to mouse-human orthologs
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Publication
21267068 | J:153498
First Author: Diez-Roux G
Year: 2011
Journal: PLoS Biol
Title: A high-resolution anatomical atlas of the transcriptome in the mouse embryo.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Pages: e1000582
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Publication
- | J:157972
     
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators
Year: 2010
Journal: Database Download
Title: Mouse Microarray Data Integration in Mouse Genome Informatics, the Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Genome U74 Array Platform (A, B, C v2).
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Publication
- | J:161428
       
First Author: Marc Feuermann, Huaiyu Mi, Pascale Gaudet, Dustin Ebert, Anushya Muruganujan, Paul Thomas
Year: 2010
Title: Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
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Publication
- | J:63103
     
First Author: Mouse Genome Database and National Center for Biotechnology Information
Year: 2000
Journal: Database Release
Title: Entrez Gene Load
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Publication
- | J:53168
     
First Author: Bairoch A
Year: 1999
Journal: Database Release
Title: SWISS-PROT Annotated protein sequence database
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Publication
- | J:90438
       
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators
Year: 2005
Title: Obtaining and loading genome assembly coordinates from NCBI annotations
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Publication
- | J:85324
     
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics Group
Year: 2003
Journal: Database Procedure
Title: Automatic Encodes (AutoE) Reference
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Publication
- | J:155721
     
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) and The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
Year: 2010
Journal: Database Download
Title: Consensus CDS project
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Publication
- | J:155221
     
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics
Year: 2010
Journal: Database Release
Title: Protein Ontology Association Load.
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Publication
- | J:91388
       
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators
Year: 2005
Title: Obtaining and Loading Genome Assembly Coordinates from Ensembl Annotations
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Publication
- | J:144086
     
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators
Year: 2009
Journal: Database Download
Title: Mouse Microarray Data Integration in Mouse Genome Informatics, the Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array Platform
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Publication
- | J:262123
     
First Author: Allen Institute for Brain Science
Year: 2004
Journal: Allen Institute
Title: Allen Brain Atlas: mouse riboprobes
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Publication
- | J:144087
     
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators
Year: 2009
Journal: Database Download
Title: Mouse Microarray Data Integration in Mouse Genome Informatics, the Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array Platform
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Allele
Mc3r<em1Smoc> | MGI:7290996
Name: melanocortin 3 receptor; endonuclease-mediated mutation 1, Shanghai Model Organisms Center
Allele Type: Endonuclease-mediated
Attribute String: Null/knockout
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Strain
MGI:6429161 | C57BL/6J-Mc3R<em1Smoc>/Smoc
Attribute String: coisogenic, mutant strain, endonuclease-mediated mutation
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Allele
Mc3r<tm1.1(cre)Dolsn> | MGI:6690499
Name: melanocortin 3 receptor; targeted mutation 1.1, David P Olson
Allele Type: Targeted
Attribute String: Recombinase
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Genotype
Genotype
Symbol: Mc3r/Mc3r<+>
Background: Not Specified
Zygosity: ht
Has Mutant Allele: true
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Allele
Tg(Mc3r-cre)#Cone | MGI:6758196
Name: transgene insertion, Roger D Cone
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Recombinase
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Publication
9311920 | J:43300
First Author: Ollmann MM
Year: 1997
Journal: Science
Title: Antagonism of central melanocortin receptors in vitro and in vivo by agouti-related protein.
Volume: 278
Issue: 5335
Pages: 135-8
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Genotype
Genotype
Symbol: Mc3r/Mc3r<+> Gt(ROSA)26Sor/Gt(ROSA)26Sor<+>
Background: involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6NCrl
Zygosity: cn
Has Mutant Allele: true
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Genotype
Genotype
Symbol: Gad1/Gad1<+> Gt(ROSA)26Sor/Gt(ROSA)26Sor<+> Mc3r/Mc3r<+>
Background: involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6NCrl * CBA/JNCrlj
Zygosity: cn
Has Mutant Allele: true
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Publication
15701517 | -
First Author: McNulty JC
Year: 2005
Journal: J Mol Biol
Title: Structures of the agouti signaling protein.
Volume: 346
Issue: 4
Pages: 1059-70
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Publication
12519127 | -
First Author: Voisey J
Year: 2003
Journal: Pigment Cell Res
Title: Agouti signal protein regulation in human melanoma cells.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Pages: 65-71
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Publication
11747427 | -
First Author: McNulty JC
Year: 2001
Journal: Biochemistry
Title: High-resolution NMR structure of the chemically-synthesized melanocortin receptor binding domain AGRP(87-132) of the agouti-related protein.
Volume: 40
Issue: 51
Pages: 15520-7
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Publication
21363936 | J:173850
First Author: Corander MP
Year: 2011
Journal: Endocrinology
Title: Loss of agouti-related peptide does not significantly impact the phenotype of murine POMC deficiency.
Volume: 152
Issue: 5
Pages: 1819-28
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Publication
18971258 | J:146017
First Author: Haskell-Luevano C
Year: 2009
Journal: FASEB J
Title: Voluntary exercise prevents the obese and diabetic metabolic syndrome of the melanocortin-4 receptor knockout mouse.
Volume: 23
Issue: 2
Pages: 642-55
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Publication
16959830 | J:129517
First Author: Tung YC
Year: 2006
Journal: Endocrinology
Title: A comparative study of the central effects of specific proopiomelancortin (POMC)-derived melanocortin peptides on food intake and body weight in pomc null mice.
Volume: 147
Issue: 12
Pages: 5940-7
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Publication
9276742 | J:42700
First Author: Lembertas AV
Year: 1997
Journal: J Clin Invest
Title: Identification of an obesity quantitative trait locus on mouse chromosome 2 and evidence of linkage to body fat and insulin on the human homologous region 20q.
Volume: 100
Issue: 5
Pages: 1240-7
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Publication
16959942 | J:135854
First Author: Getting SJ
Year: 2006
Journal: Mol Pharmacol
Title: [D-Trp8]-gamma-melanocyte-stimulating hormone exhibits anti-inflammatory efficacy in mice bearing a nonfunctional MC1R (recessive yellow e/e mouse).
Volume: 70
Issue: 6
Pages: 1850-5
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Protein Domain
IPR036836 | Agouti_dom_sf
Type: Homologous_superfamily
Description: The agouti signaling protein (ASIP or the agouti protein) and its neuropeptide homologue the agouti-related protein (AgRP) are paracrine signaling molecules that act as inverse agonists at distinct subsets of melanocortin receptors. ASIP antagonizes the binding of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) to melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), switching melanin synthesis from eumelanin (black/brown) to phaeomelanin (red/yellow). The effect of ASIP on pigment type-switching is responsible for a variety of coat color patterns accross a broad range of mammalian species. AgRP is involved in energy balance and acts normally at the MC3R and MC4R to control body weight regulation and metabolism [, ].Sequence similarity between ASIP and AgRP is confined to their Cys-rich C-terminal domains, which are also responsible for melanocortin receptor binding activity in vitro. Approximately 40 residues in length, there are ten cysteine residues in the C-terminal domain that form a network of five disulfide bonds. The agouti C-terminal domain contains a three-stranded antiparallel beta sheet, where the last two strands form a beta hairpin. The hairpin's turn region presents a triplet of residues (Arg-Phe-Phe) known to be essential for melanocortin receptor binding. The agouti C-terminal domain adopts the inhibitor cystine knot (ICK) or knottin fold identified in numerous invertebrate toxins [, ].The agouti domain covers the 10 cysteines involved in disulfide bonds.
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Protein Domain
IPR027300 | Agouti_dom
Type: Domain
Description: The agouti signaling protein (ASIP or the agouti protein) and its neuropeptide homologue the agouti-related protein (AgRP) are paracrine signaling molecules that act as inverse agonists at distinct subsets of melanocortin receptors. ASIP antagonizes the binding of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) to melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), switching melanin synthesis from eumelanin (black/brown) to phaeomelanin (red/yellow). The effect of ASIP on pigment type-switching is responsible for a variety of coat color patterns accross a broad range of mammalian species. AgRP is involved in energy balance and acts normally at the MC3R and MC4R to control body weight regulation and metabolism [, ].Sequence similarity between ASIP and AgRP is confined to their Cys-rich C-terminal domains, which are also responsible for melanocortin receptor binding activity in vitro. Approximately 40 residues in length, there are ten cysteine residues in the C-terminal domain that form a network of five disulfide bonds. The agouti C-terminal domain contains a three-stranded antiparallel beta sheet, where the last two strands form a beta hairpin. The hairpin's turn region presents a triplet of residues (Arg-Phe-Phe) known to be essential for melanocortin receptor binding. The agouti C-terminal domain adopts the inhibitor cystine knot (ICK) or knottin fold identified in numerous invertebrate toxins [, ].This entry represents the agouti domain which covers the 10 cysteines involved in disulfide bonds.
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Publication
16488027 | J:107226
First Author: Areda T
Year: 2006
Journal: Behav Brain Res
Title: Cat odour exposure decreases exploratory activity and alters neuropeptide gene expression in CCK(2) receptor deficient mice, but not in their wild-type littermates.
Volume: 169
Issue: 2
Pages: 212-9
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Protein
P56473
Organism: Mus musculus/domesticus
Length: 131  
Fragment?: false
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Protein
Q03288
Organism: Mus musculus/domesticus
Length: 131  
Fragment?: false
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Protein
Q3UU47
Organism: Mus musculus/domesticus
Length: 131  
Fragment?: false
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Protein
A0A0A6YX09
Organism: Mus musculus/domesticus
Length: 118  
Fragment?: true
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Publication
25163632 | -
First Author: Delhanty PJ
Year: 2014
Journal: Mol Biol Rep
Title: Functional characterization of a new human melanocortin-4 receptor homozygous mutation (N72K) that is associated with early-onset obesity.
Volume: 41
Issue: 12
Pages: 7967-72
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Publication
32248247 | -
First Author: Xu Y
Year: 2020
Journal: Cell Mol Life Sci
Title: Melanocortin 5 receptor signaling pathway in health and disease.
Volume: 77
Issue: 19
Pages: 3831-3840
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Publication
12646665 | -
First Author: Farooqi IS
Year: 2003
Journal: N Engl J Med
Title: Clinical spectrum of obesity and mutations in the melanocortin 4 receptor gene.
Volume: 348
Issue: 12
Pages: 1085-95
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Publication
23869017 | -
First Author: Sebag JA
Year: 2013
Journal: Science
Title: Developmental control of the melanocortin-4 receptor by MRAP2 proteins in zebrafish.
Volume: 341
Issue: 6143
Pages: 278-81
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Protein Domain
IPR001908 | MC3-5R
Type: Family
Description: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute a vast protein family that encompasses a wide range of functions, including various autocrine, paracrine and endocrine processes. They show considerable diversity at the sequence level, on the basis of which they can be separated into distinct groups []. The term clan can be used to describe the GPCRs, as they embrace a group of families for which there are indications of evolutionary relationship, but between which there is no statistically significant similarity in sequence []. The currently known clan members include rhodopsin-like GPCRs (Class A, GPCRA), secretin-like GPCRs (Class B, GPCRB), metabotropic glutamate receptor family (Class C, GPCRC), fungal mating pheromone receptors (Class D, GPCRD), cAMP receptors (Class E, GPCRE) and frizzled/smoothened (Class F, GPCRF) [, , , , ]. GPCRs are major drug targets, and are consequently the subject of considerable research interest. It has been reported that the repertoire of GPCRs for endogenous ligands consists of approximately 400 receptors in humans and mice []. Most GPCRs are identified on the basis of their DNA sequences, rather than the ligand they bind, those that are unmatched to known natural ligands are designated by as orphan GPCRs, or unclassified GPCRs [].The rhodopsin-like GPCRs (GPCRA) represent a widespread protein family that includes hormone, neurotransmitter and light receptors, all of which transduce extracellular signals through interaction with guanine nucleotide-binding (G) proteins. Although their activating ligands vary widely in structure and character, the amino acid sequences of the receptors are very similar and are believed to adopt a common structural framework comprising 7 transmembrane (TM) helices [, , ].Adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), melanocyte-stimulating hormones (MSH) andbeta-endorphin are peptide products of pituitary pro-opiomelanocortin.ACTH regulates synthesis and release of glucocorticoids and aldosteronein the adrenal cortex; it also has a trophic action on these cells.ACTH and beta-endorphin are synthesised and released in response tocorticotrophin-releasing factor at times of stress (heat, cold, infections,etc.) - their release leads to increased metabolism and analgesia.MSH has a trophic action on melanocytes, and regulates pigment productionin fish and amphibia. The ACTH receptor is found in high levels inthe adrenal cortex - binding sites are present in lower levels in theCNS. The MSH receptor is expressed in high levels in melanocytes,melanomas and their derived cell lines. Receptors are found in lowlevels in the CNS. MSH regulates temperature control in the septal regionof the brain and releases prolactin from the pituitary.This entry represents Melanocortin receptor 3-5 (MC3-5R) from chordates. These protein are receptors for MSH (alpha, beta and gamma) and ACTH. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase. MC3R is required for expression of anticipatory patterns of activity and wakefulness during periods of limited nutrient availability and for the normal regulation of circadian clock activity in the brain []. MC4R plays a central role in energy homeostasis and somatic growth [, , ]. MC5R is a possible mediator of the immunomodulation properties of melanocortins, playing a role in immune reaction and inflammatory response as well as in the regulation of sexual behaviour, thermoregulation, and exocrine secretion [].
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Protein
D5MR23
Organism: Mus musculus/domesticus
Length: 136  
Fragment?: true
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Protein
D5MR29
Organism: Mus musculus/domesticus
Length: 136  
Fragment?: true
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Protein
D5MR31
Organism: Mus musculus/domesticus
Length: 136  
Fragment?: true
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Protein
D5MR33
Organism: Mus musculus/domesticus
Length: 136  
Fragment?: true
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Protein
D5MR32
Organism: Mus musculus/domesticus
Length: 136  
Fragment?: true
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