Microtubule-associated protein RP/EB family member 2 (also known as RP1 or EB2) belongs to the RP/EB family, which consists of MAPRE1 (EB1), MAPRE2 (RP1, also known as EB2) and MAPRE3 (EBF3, also known as EB3). Unlike EB1 and EB3, EB2 does not promote persistent microtubule growth by suppressing catastrophes []. It has been shown that MAPRE2 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer cells, and seems to be involved in perineural invasion [].
Microtubule-assocaiated protein RP/EB family member 3 (EB3) belongs to the RP/EB family, which consists of MAPRE1 (EB1), MAPRE2 (RP1, also known as EB2) and MAPRE3 (EBF3, also known as EB3). EB3 promotes persistent microtubule growth by suppressing catastrophes []. Unlike EB1 or EB2, EB3 also binds to the F-actin-binding protein drebrin and the E3 ubiquitin ligase SIAH-1 []. EB3 is specifically upregulated upon myogenic differentiation. Knockdown of EB3, but not that of EB1, prevents myoblast elongation and fusion into myotubes [].
Microtubule-associated protein RP/EB family member 1 (EB1) belongs to the RP/EB family, which consists of MAPRE1 (EB1), MAPRE2 (RP1, also known as EB2) and MAPRE3 (EBF3, also known as EB3). EB1 binds to the plus end of microtubules and regulates the dynamics of the microtubule cytoskeleton. EB1 contains an N-terminal calponin homology (CH) domain that is responsible for the interaction with microtubules (MTs), and a C-terminal coiled coil domain that extends into a four-helix bundle, required for dimer formation []. Through their C-terminal sequences, EBs interact with most other known +TIPs (plus end tracking proteins) and recruit many of them to the growing MT ends [, ]. EB1 is involved in MT anchoring at the centrosome and cell migration [].
This entry represents the microtubule-associated protein RP/EB (MAPRE) family, including MAPRE1 (EB1), MAPRE2 (RP1, also known as EB2), MAPRE3 (EBF3, also known as EB3) and their homologues from eukaryotes. Despite their high protein sequence conservation, the individual EBs exhibit different regulatory and functional properties []. For instance, EB1 and EB3, but not EB2, promote persistent microtubule growth by suppressing catastrophes [].EB1 contains an N-terminal calponin homology (CH) domain that is responsible for the interaction with microtubules (MTs), and a C-terminal coiled coil domain that extends into a four-helix bundle, required for dimer formation []. Through their C-terminal sequences, EBs interact with most other known +TIPs (plus end tracking proteins) and recruit many of them to the growing MT ends [, ]. EB1 is involved in MT anchoring at the centrosome and cell migration []. EB2 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer cells, and seems to be involved in perineural invasion []. EB3 is specifically upregulated upon myogenic differentiation. Knockdown of EB3, but not that of EB1, prevents myoblast elongation and fusion into myotubes []. This entry also includes bZIP transcription factor hapX from the yeast Neosartorya fumigata, which is a transcription factor required for repression of genes during iron starvation [].
