RGS (Regulator of G-protein Signaling) domain is an essential part of the RGS10 protein. RGS10 is a member of the RGS proteins family, a diverse group of multifunctional proteins that regulate cellular signaling events downstream of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). RGS10 is one of the smallest proteins of the RGS family; its structure is little more than the RGS domain. As a major G-protein regulator, RGS domain containing proteins are involved in many crucial cellular processes such as regulation of intracellular trafficking, glial differentiation, embryonic axis formation, skeletal and muscle development, and cell migration during early embryogenesis [, ]. RGS10 belongs to the R12 RGS subfamily, which includes RGS12 and RGS14, all of which are highly selective for G-alpha-i1 over G-alpha-q []. RGS10 exists in 2 splice isoforms, RGS10A and RGS10B. Although the expression of RGS10 is ubiquitous, the highest levels are found in the brain and immune system []. RGS10A is expressed in osteoclasts and is a key component in the RANKL signaling mechanism for osteoclast differentiation [].
RGS (Regulator of G-protein Signaling) domain is an essential part of the RGS12 protein. RGS12 is a member of the RA/RGS subfamily of RGS proteins family, a diverse group of multifunctional proteins that regulate cellular signaling events downstream of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). As a major G-protein regulator, RGS domain containing proteins are involved in many crucial cellular processes such as regulation of intracellular trafficking, glial differentiation, embryonic axis formation, skeletal and muscle development, and cell migration during early embryogenesis [, ]. RGS12 belongs to the R12 RGS subfamily, which includes RGS10 and RGS14, all of which are highly selective for G-alpha-i1 over G-alpha-q. RGS12 exist in multiple splice variants: RGS12s (short) contains the core RGS/RBD/GoLocodomains, while RGS12L (long) has additional N-terminal PDZ and PTB domains. RGS12 splice variants show distinct expression patterns, suggesting that they have discrete functions during mouse embryogenesis []. RGS12 also may play a critical role in coordinating Ras-dependent signals that are required for promoting and maintaining neuronal differentiation [].
