|  Help  |  About  |  Contact Us

Search our database by keyword

Examples

  • Search this entire website. Enter identifiers, names or keywords for genes, diseases, strains, ontology terms, etc. (e.g. Pax6, Parkinson, ataxia)
  • Use OR to search for either of two terms (e.g. OR mus) or quotation marks to search for phrases (e.g. "dna binding").
  • Boolean search syntax is supported: e.g. Balb* for partial matches or mus AND NOT embryo to exclude a term

Search results 1 to 100 out of 100 for Hhat

0.042s

Categories

Hits by Pathway

Hits by Strain

Hits by Category

Type Details Score
Gene
55733 | HHAT
Type: gene
Organism: human
•
•
•
•
•
Gene
100336796 | HHAT
Type: gene
Organism: cattle
•
•
•
•
•
Gene
771269 | HHAT
Type: gene
Organism: chicken
•
•
•
•
•
Gene
560334 | hhat
Type: gene
Organism: zebrafish
•
•
•
•
•
Gene
712333 | HHAT
Type: gene
Organism: macaque, rhesus
•
•
•
•
•
Gene
100490766 | hhat
Type: gene
Organism: frog, western clawed
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Domain
IPR032981 | HHAT
Type: Family
Description: Protein-cysteine N-palmitoyltransferase, also known as hedgehog acyltransferase (HHAT), catalyses the N-terminal palmitoylation of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) [, , ]. Shh is a signaling molecule involved in embryonic patterning and organogenesis, and these lipid modifications serve to regulate its movement to form the proper concentration gradient. Overexpression of Hedgehog family proteins contributes to the aetiology of many cancers, thus HHAT inhibition is considered a target for tumour growth suppression [].HHAT is a multipass transmembrane enzyme with a membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) homology domain [].
•
•
•
•
•
Gene
480017 | HHAT
Type: gene
Organism: dog, domestic
•
•
•
•
•
Gene
469670 | HHAT
Type: gene
Organism: chimpanzee
•
•
•
•
•
Gene
289344 | Hhat
Type: gene
Organism: rat
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGI:2444681 | Hhat
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
15075292 | J:89228
First Author: Chen MH
Year: 2004
Journal: Genes Dev
Title: Palmitoylation is required for the production of a soluble multimeric Hedgehog protein complex and long-range signaling in vertebrates.
Volume: 18
Issue: 6
Pages: 641-59
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
18534984 | -
First Author: Buglino JA
Year: 2008
Journal: J Biol Chem
Title: Hhat is a palmitoylacyltransferase with specificity for N-palmitoylation of Sonic Hedgehog.
Volume: 283
Issue: 32
Pages: 22076-88
•
•
•
•
•
Protein
Q8BMT9
Organism: Mus musculus/domesticus
Length: 499  
Fragment?: false
•
•
•
•
•
Protein
A0A0A6YWJ4
Organism: Mus musculus/domesticus
Length: 507  
Fragment?: false
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
24784881 | J:226657
First Author: Callier P
Year: 2014
Journal: PLoS Genet
Title: Loss of function mutation in the palmitoyl-transferase HHAT leads to syndromic 46,XY disorder of sex development by impeding Hedgehog protein palmitoylation and signaling.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Pages: e1004340
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
9593755 | -
First Author: Pepinsky RB
Year: 1998
Journal: J Biol Chem
Title: Identification of a palmitic acid-modified form of human Sonic hedgehog.
Volume: 273
Issue: 22
Pages: 14037-45
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
25488661 | -
First Author: Matevossian A
Year: 2015
Journal: J Biol Chem
Title: Membrane topology of hedgehog acyltransferase.
Volume: 290
Issue: 4
Pages: 2235-43
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
24608521 | -
First Author: Konitsiotis AD
Year: 2014
Journal: PLoS One
Title: Attenuation of hedgehog acyltransferase-catalyzed sonic Hedgehog palmitoylation causes reduced signaling, proliferation and invasiveness of human carcinoma cells.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Pages: e89899
•
•
•
•
•
Protein
Q8BWF5
Organism: Mus musculus/domesticus
Length: 367  
Fragment?: true
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
18081866 | J:130672
First Author: Abe Y
Year: 2008
Journal: FEBS J
Title: Mammalian Gup1, a homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae glycerol uptake/transporter 1, acts as a negative regulator for N-terminal palmitoylation of Sonic hedgehog.
Volume: 275
Issue: 2
Pages: 318-31
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
28891097 | J:252110
First Author: Iulianella A
Year: 2018
Journal: Dev Dyn
Title: Ventral neural patterning in the absence of a Shh activity gradient from the floorplate.
Volume: 247
Issue: 1
Pages: 170-184
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
31875564 | J:297026
First Author: Asciolla JJ
Year: 2019
Journal: Cell Rep
Title: Hedgehog Acyltransferase Promotes Uptake of Palmitoyl-CoA across the Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane.
Volume: 29
Issue: 13
Pages: 4608-4619.e4
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
23055936 | J:190013
First Author: Dennis JF
Year: 2012
Journal: PLoS Genet
Title: Mutations in Hedgehog acyltransferase (Hhat) perturb Hedgehog signaling, resulting in severe acrania-holoprosencephaly-agnathia craniofacial defects.
Volume: 8
Issue: 10
Pages: e1002927
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
15987787 | J:99606
First Author: Coumoul X
Year: 2005
Journal: Nucleic Acids Res
Title: Conditional knockdown of Fgfr2 in mice using Cre-LoxP induced RNA interference.
Volume: 33
Issue: 11
Pages: e102
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
14975718 | J:88829
First Author: Nelson DK
Year: 2004
Journal: Dev Biol
Title: Frontonasal process-specific disruption of AP-2alpha results in postnatal midfacial hypoplasia, vascular anomalies, and nasal cavity defects.
Volume: 267
Issue: 1
Pages: 72-92
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
27923152 | J:241447
 
First Author: Yun K
Year: 2017
Journal: Differentiation
Title: Hydronephrosis in the Wnt5a-ablated kidney is caused by an abnormal ureter-bladder connection.
Volume: 94
Pages: 1-7
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
21913308 | J:187873
First Author: Zhu J
Year: 2012
Journal: Genesis
Title: Cre-mediated recombination can induce apoptosis in vivo by activating the p53 DNA damage-induced pathway.
Volume: 50
Issue: 2
Pages: 102-11
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_CAROLIEiJ_G0015061 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: Mus caroli
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_129S1SvImJ_G0016954 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_AJ_G0016933 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_AKRJ_G0016898 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_BALBcJ_G0016891 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_C3HHeJ_G0016715 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGI_C57BL6J_2444681 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_C57BL6NJ_G0017354 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_CASTEiJ_G0016298 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_CBAJ_G0016689 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_DBA2J_G0016795 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_FVBNJ_G0016791 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_LPJ_G0016870 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_NODShiLtJ_G0016823 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_NZOHlLtJ_G0017391 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_PWKPhJ_G0016085 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_WSBEiJ_G0016360 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: mouse, laboratory
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_PahariEiJ_G0028293 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: Mus pahari
•
•
•
•
•
Protein Coding Gene
MGP_SPRETEiJ_G0015861 | -
Type: protein_coding_gene
Organism: Mus spretus
•
•
•
•
•
GXD Expression
GXD Expression
     
Probe: MGI:3052524
Assay Type: Northern blot
Annotation Date: 2004-10-04
Strength: Present
Sex: Not Specified
Emaps: EMAPS:1603910
Stage: TS10
Assay Id: MGI:3053452
Age: embryonic day 7.0
Specimen Label: 7.0 embryo
Detected: true
Specimen Num: 1
•
•
•
•
•
GXD Expression
GXD Expression
Probe: MGI:3052524
Assay Type: RNA in situ
Annotation Date: 2004-10-01
Strength: Strong
Sex: Not Specified
Emaps: EMAPS:1640517
Pattern: Regionally restricted
Stage: TS17
Assay Id: MGI:3053341
Age: embryonic day 10.5
Image: 2P
Note: Expression is strong in the distal part of the limb.
Specimen Label: 2P
Detected: true
Specimen Num: 3
•
•
•
•
•
GXD Expression
GXD Expression
Probe: MGI:3052524
Assay Type: RNA in situ
Annotation Date: 2004-10-01
Strength: Strong
Sex: Not Specified
Emaps: EMAPS:1606917
Pattern: Non-Uniform
Stage: TS17
Assay Id: MGI:3053341
Age: embryonic day 10.5
Image: 2P
Note: Expression is stronger in the anterior ectoderm.
Specimen Label: 2P
Detected: true
Specimen Num: 3
•
•
•
•
•
GXD Expression
GXD Expression
Probe: MGI:3052524
Assay Type: RNA in situ
Annotation Date: 2004-10-01
Strength: Present
Sex: Not Specified
Emaps: EMAPS:1603913
Pattern: Not Specified
Stage: TS13
Assay Id: MGI:3053341
Age: embryonic day 8.5
Image: 2N
Note: Expression is widespread.
Specimen Label: 2N
Detected: true
Specimen Num: 1
•
•
•
•
•
GXD Expression
GXD Expression
Probe: MGI:3052524
Assay Type: RNA in situ
Annotation Date: 2004-10-01
Strength: Present
Sex: Not Specified
Emaps: EMAPS:1603915
Pattern: Not Specified
Stage: TS15
Assay Id: MGI:3053341
Age: embryonic day 9.5
Image: 2O
Note: Expression is widespread.
Specimen Label: 2O
Detected: true
Specimen Num: 2
•
•
•
•
•
GXD Expression
GXD Expression
Probe: MGI:3052524
Assay Type: RNA in situ
Annotation Date: 2004-10-01
Strength: Present
Sex: Not Specified
Emaps: EMAPS:1603917
Pattern: Not Specified
Stage: TS17
Assay Id: MGI:3053341
Age: embryonic day 10.5
Image: 2P
Note: Expression is widespread.
Specimen Label: 2P
Detected: true
Specimen Num: 3
•
•
•
•
•
GXD Expression
GXD Expression
 
Probe: MGI:3052524
Assay Type: RNA in situ
Annotation Date: 2004-10-01
Strength: Strong
Sex: Not Specified
Emaps: EMAPS:1611717
Pattern: Not Specified
Stage: TS17
Assay Id: MGI:3053341
Age: embryonic day 10.5
Image: 2P
Specimen Label: 2P
Detected: true
Specimen Num: 3
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
16207751 | J:102949
First Author: Li C
Year: 2005
Journal: Development
Title: FGFR1 function at the earliest stages of mouse limb development plays an indispensable role in subsequent autopod morphogenesis.
Volume: 132
Issue: 21
Pages: 4755-64
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
24590292 | J:209623
First Author: Kurosaka H
Year: 2014
Journal: J Clin Invest
Title: Disrupting hedgehog and WNT signaling interactions promotes cleft lip pathogenesis.
Volume: 124
Issue: 4
Pages: 1660-71
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
22110055 | J:178935
First Author: Kitagaki J
Year: 2011
Journal: Development
Title: FGF8 is essential for formation of the ductal system in the male reproductive tract.
Volume: 138
Issue: 24
Pages: 5369-78
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
25799573 | J:229187
First Author: Kurosaka H
Year: 2015
Journal: PLoS One
Title: Cranial nerve development requires co-ordinated Shh and canonical Wnt signaling.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Pages: e0120821
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
24076664 | J:202828
First Author: Regard JB
Year: 2013
Journal: Nat Med
Title: Activation of Hedgehog signaling by loss of GNAS causes heterotopic ossification.
Volume: 19
Issue: 11
Pages: 1505-12
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
18272593 | J:132152
First Author: Chamberlain CE
Year: 2008
Journal: Development
Title: Notochord-derived Shh concentrates in close association with the apically positioned basal body in neural target cells and forms a dynamic gradient during neural patterning.
Volume: 135
Issue: 6
Pages: 1097-106
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
16141072 | J:99680
First Author: Carninci P
Year: 2005
Journal: Science
Title: The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome.
Volume: 309
Issue: 5740
Pages: 1559-63
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:265051
     
First Author: MGI and IMPC
Year: 2018
Journal: Database Release
Title: MGI Load of Endonuclease-Mediated Alleles (CRISPR) from the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC)
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:57656
     
First Author: Lennon G
Year: 1999
Journal: Database Download
Title: WashU-HHMI Mouse EST Project
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
18799693 | J:142754
First Author: Hansen GM
Year: 2008
Journal: Genome Res
Title: Large-scale gene trapping in C57BL/6N mouse embryonic stem cells.
Volume: 18
Issue: 10
Pages: 1670-9
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:342604
       
First Author: UniProt-GOA
Year: 2012
Title: Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:85000
       
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators
Year: 2003
Title: MGI Sequence Curation Reference
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:141210
     
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
Year: 2008
Journal: Database Download
Title: Mouse Gene Trap Data Load from dbGSS
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
14610273 | J:86696
First Author: Zambrowicz BP
Year: 2003
Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Title: Wnk1 kinase deficiency lowers blood pressure in mice: a gene-trap screen to identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Volume: 100
Issue: 24
Pages: 14109-14
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:60000
       
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators
Year: 2000
Title: Gene Ontology Annotation by electronic association of SwissProt Keywords with GO terms
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:342587
       
First Author: AgBase, BHF-UCL, Parkinson's UK-UCL, dictyBase, HGNC, Roslin Institute, FlyBase and UniProtKB curators
Year: 2011
Title: Manual transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs by curator judgment of sequence similarity
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:68900
     
First Author: The Jackson Laboratory Mouse Radiation Hybrid Database
Year: 2004
Journal: Database Release
Title: Mouse T31 Radiation Hybrid Data Load
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
12466851 | J:80000
First Author: Okazaki Y
Year: 2002
Journal: Nature
Title: Analysis of the mouse transcriptome based on functional annotation of 60,770 full-length cDNAs.
Volume: 420
Issue: 6915
Pages: 563-73
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:164563
       
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators
Year: 2010
Title: Human to Mouse ISO GO annotation transfer
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
21267068 | J:153498
First Author: Diez-Roux G
Year: 2011
Journal: PLoS Biol
Title: A high-resolution anatomical atlas of the transcriptome in the mouse embryo.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Pages: e1000582
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:157972
     
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators
Year: 2010
Journal: Database Download
Title: Mouse Microarray Data Integration in Mouse Genome Informatics, the Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Genome U74 Array Platform (A, B, C v2).
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:57747
     
First Author: MGI Genome Annotation Group and UniGene Staff
Year: 2015
Journal: Database Download
Title: MGI-UniGene Interconnection Effort
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:75000
       
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators
Year: 2002
Title: Mouse Genome Informatics Computational Sequence to Gene Associations
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:161428
       
First Author: Marc Feuermann, Huaiyu Mi, Pascale Gaudet, Dustin Ebert, Anushya Muruganujan, Paul Thomas
Year: 2010
Title: Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:53168
     
First Author: Bairoch A
Year: 1999
Journal: Database Release
Title: SWISS-PROT Annotated protein sequence database
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:91388
       
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators
Year: 2005
Title: Obtaining and Loading Genome Assembly Coordinates from Ensembl Annotations
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:90438
       
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators
Year: 2005
Title: Obtaining and loading genome assembly coordinates from NCBI annotations
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:155721
     
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) and The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
Year: 2010
Journal: Database Download
Title: Consensus CDS project
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:155221
     
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics
Year: 2010
Journal: Database Release
Title: Protein Ontology Association Load.
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:63103
     
First Author: Mouse Genome Database and National Center for Biotechnology Information
Year: 2000
Journal: Database Release
Title: Entrez Gene Load
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:262123
     
First Author: Allen Institute for Brain Science
Year: 2004
Journal: Allen Institute
Title: Allen Brain Atlas: mouse riboprobes
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:144086
     
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators
Year: 2009
Journal: Database Download
Title: Mouse Microarray Data Integration in Mouse Genome Informatics, the Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array Platform
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:85324
     
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics Group
Year: 2003
Journal: Database Procedure
Title: Automatic Encodes (AutoE) Reference
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
- | J:144087
     
First Author: Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators
Year: 2009
Journal: Database Download
Title: Mouse Microarray Data Integration in Mouse Genome Informatics, the Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array Platform
•
•
•
•
•
UniProt Feature
UniProt Feature
Begin: 1
Description: Protein-cysteine N-palmitoyltransferase HHAT
Type: chain
End: 499
•
•
•
•
•
Protein
Q8BMT9-2
Organism: Mus musculus/domesticus
Length: 473  
Fragment?: false
•
•
•
•
•
Allele
Hhat<Tg(TFAP2A-cre)1Will> | MGI:3038358
Name: hedgehog acyltransferase; transgene insertion 1, Trevor Williams
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Null/knockout, Recombinase
•
•
•
•
•
Strain
MGI:5523148 | STOCK Hhat<Tg(TFAP2A-cre)1Will>/J
Attribute String: mutant stock, transgenic
•
•
•
•
•
Genotype
Genotype
Symbol: Hhat/Hhat
Background: Not Specified
Zygosity: hm
Has Mutant Allele: true
•
•
•
•
•
Genotype
Genotype
Symbol: Hhat/Hhat<+> Shh/Shh<+>
Background: involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ
Zygosity: cx
Has Mutant Allele: true
•
•
•
•
•
Genotype
Genotype
Symbol: Tfap2a/Tfap2a Hhat/?
Background: Not Specified
Zygosity: cn
Has Mutant Allele: true
•
•
•
•
•
Genotype
Genotype
Symbol: Hhat/Hhat<+> Ptch1/Ptch1<+>
Background: involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ
Zygosity: cx
Has Mutant Allele: true
•
•
•
•
•
Genotype
Genotype
Symbol: Gt(ROSA)26Sor/Gt(ROSA)26Sor<+> Hhat/Hhat<+>
Background: involves: 129S4/SvJaeSor
Zygosity: cn
Has Mutant Allele: true
•
•
•
•
•
Genotype
Genotype
Symbol: Gt(ROSA)26Sor/Gt(ROSA)26Sor<+> Hhat/Hhat H2az2/H2az2<+>
Background: involves: 129S1/Sv * 129S4/SvJaeSor * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6 * CBA
Zygosity: cn
Has Mutant Allele: true
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
15489334 | -
First Author: Gerhard DS
Year: 2004
Journal: Genome Res
Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).
Volume: 14
Issue: 10B
Pages: 2121-7
•
•
•
•
•
Publication
19468303 | -
First Author: Church DM
Year: 2009
Journal: PLoS Biol
Title: Lineage-specific biology revealed by a finished genome assembly of the mouse.
Volume: 7
Issue: 5
Pages: e1000112
•
•
•
•
•




MouseMine is a collaboration between MGI at The Jackson Laboratory and the InterMine project at the Cambridge Systems Biology Centre. MouseMine is funded through a grant from the NIH/NHGRI.The Jackson Laboratory makes no representation about the suitability or accuracy of this software or data for any purpose, and makes no warranties, either express or implied, including merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose or that the use of this software or data will not infringe any third party patents, copyrights, trademarks, or other rights. the software and data are provided "as is". This software and data are provided to enhance knowledge and encourage progress in the scientific community and are to be used only for research and educational purposes. Any reproduction or use for commercial purpose is prohibited without the prior express written permission of the Jackson Laboratory.

Copyright © 2017 by The Jackson Laboratory. All Rights Reserved

© 2002 - 2017 Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street,
Cambridge CB2 3EH, United Kingdom