| First Author | Afanasyeva M | Year | 2001 |
| Journal | Am J Pathol | Volume | 159 |
| Issue | 1 | Pages | 193-203 |
| PubMed ID | 11438466 | Mgi Jnum | J:70285 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:2136718 | Doi | 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)61685-9 |
| Citation | Afanasyeva M, et al. (2001) Experimental autoimmune myocarditis in A/J mice is an interleukin-4-dependent disease with a Th2 phenotype. Am J Pathol 159(1):193-203 |
| abstractText | Myocarditis in humans is often associated with an autoimmune process in which cardiac myosin (CM) is a major autoantigen. Experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) is induced in mice by immunization with CM. We found that EAM in A/J mice exhibits a Th2-like phenotype demonstrated by the histological picture of the heart lesions (eosinophils and giant cells) and by the humoral response (association of IgG1 response with disease and up-regulation of total IgE). Blocking interleukin (IL)-4 with anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) reduced the severity of EAM. This reduction in severity was associated with a shift from a Th2-like to a Th1-like phenotype represented by a reduction in CM-specific IgG1; an increase in CM-specific IgG2a; an abrogation of total IgE response; a decrease in IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13; as well as a dramatic increase in interferon (IFN)-gamma production in vitro. Based on the latter finding, we hypothesized that IFN-gamma limits disease. Indeed, IFN-gamma blockade with a mAb exacerbated disease. The ameliorating effect of IL-4 blockade was abrogated by co-administration of anti-IFN-gamma mAb. Thus, EAM represents a model of an organ-specific autoimmune disease associated with a Th2 phenotype, in which IL-4 promotes the disease and IFN-gamma limits it. Suppression of IFN-gamma represents at least one of the mechanisms by which IL-4 promotes EAM. |
