| First Author | Brandt A | Year | 2005 |
| Journal | J Neurosci | Volume | 25 |
| Issue | 50 | Pages | 11577-85 |
| PubMed ID | 16354915 | Mgi Jnum | J:263450 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:6189469 | Doi | 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3411-05.2005 |
| Citation | Brandt A, et al. (2005) Few CaV1.3 channels regulate the exocytosis of a synaptic vesicle at the hair cell ribbon synapse. J Neurosci 25(50):11577-85 |
| abstractText | Hearing relies on faithful sound coding at hair cell ribbon synapses, which use Ca2+-triggered glutamate release to signal with submillisecond precision. Here, we investigated stimulus-secretion coupling at mammalian inner hair cell (IHC) synapses to explore the mechanisms underlying this high temporal fidelity. Using nonstationary fluctuation analysis on Ca2+ tail currents, we estimate that IHCs contain approximately 1700 Ca2+ channels, mainly of CaV1.3 type. We show by immunohistochemistry that the CaV1.3 Ca2+ channels are localized preferentially at the ribbon-type active zones of IHCs. We argue that each active zone holds approximately 80 Ca2+ channels, of which probably <10 open simultaneously during physiological stimulation. We then manipulated the Ca2+ current by primarily changing single-channel current or open-channel number. Effects on exocytosis of the readily releasable vesicle pool (RRP) were monitored by membrane capacitance recordings. Consistent with the high intrinsic Ca2+ cooperativity of exocytosis, RRP exocytosis changed nonlinearly with the Ca2+ current when varying the single-channel current. In contrast, the apparent Ca2+ cooperativity of RRP exocytosis was close to unity when primarily manipulating the number of open channels. Our findings suggest a Ca2+ channel-release site coupling in which few nearby CaV1.3 channels impose high nanodomain [Ca2+] on release sites in IHCs during physiological stimulation. We postulate that the IHC ribbon synapse uses this Ca2+ nanodomain control of exocytosis to signal with high temporal precision already at low sound intensities. |
