| First Author | Faust DM | Year | 1996 |
| Journal | Mol Cell Biol | Volume | 16 |
| Issue | 6 | Pages | 3125-37 |
| PubMed ID | 8649424 | Mgi Jnum | J:33965 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:81445 | Doi | 10.1128/mcb.16.6.3125 |
| Citation | Faust DM, et al. (1996) The activity of the highly inducible mouse phenylalanine hydroxylase gene promoter is dependent upon a tissue-specific, hormone-inducible enhancer. Mol Cell Biol 16(6):3125-37 |
| abstractText | Expression of the phenylalanine hydroxylase gene in livers and kidneys of rodents is activated at birth and is induced by glucocorticoids and cyclic AMP in the liver. Regulatory elements in a 10-kb fragment upstream of the mouse gene have been characterized. The promoter lacks TAATA and CCAAT consensus sequences and shows only extremely weak activity in transitory expression assays with phenylalanine hydroxylase-producing hepatoma cells. No key elements for regulation of promoter activity are localized within 2 kb of upstream sequences. However, a liver-specific DNase I-hypersensitive site at kb -3.5 comprises a tissue-specific and hormone-inducible enhancer. This enhancer contains multiple protein binding sites, including sites for ubiquitous factors (NF1 and AP1), the glucocorticoid receptor, and the hepatocyte-enriched transcription factors hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 (HNF1) and C/EBP. Mutation revealed that the last two sites are critical not only for basal activity but also for obtaining a maximal hormone response. Efficient transcription from the highly inducible promoter shows absolute |
