| Primary Identifier | IPR008983 | Type | Homologous_superfamily |
| Short Name | Tumour_necrosis_fac-like_dom |
| description | The tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-like domains are found in both TNF and C1q protein families. Structurally these domains self-associate to make a compact bell-shaped homotrimer, each monomer being composed of an anti-parallel β-sheet sandwich with a jellyroll topology. Both TNF and C1q family members can be expressed as soluble plasma proteins or as type II membrane-bound proteins.TNF family members bind extracellularly to cysteine-rich receptors, thereby inducing a clustering of the receptors, which subsequently triggers the intracellular apoptotic cascade. The TNF proteins are important mediators in inflammation, immune responses and cytotoxicity through their interaction with the TNF-R55 and the TNF-R75 cell-surface receptors []. Other TNF family members include the CD40 ligand (C-terminal TNF-like domain) which is involved in the immune response via the CD40 receptor []; TRAIL, which selectively induces apoptosis in tumour cells via DR4 and DR5 receptors []; the RANK ligand (TNFSF11), which triggers osteoclastogenesis via the RANK receptor []; and TALL-1 (soluble domain), which is involved in the immune response via the TACI, BCMA, and BAFF-R receptors [].C1q proteins also contain TNF-like domains. C1q family members include the Adiponectin/ACRP30 (C-terminal TNF-like domain), which regulates metabolism and energy homeostasis [], and NC1 (non-collagenous domain 1), the C-terminal TNF-like domain of collagen X, which is crucial for collagen X assembly in bone tissue []. |
