| Primary Identifier | IPR028412 | Type | Family |
| Short Name | Ral |
| description | Ral protein family, including RALA and RALB, belongs to the RAS family of small GTPases. Like other RAS GTPases, Ral proteins function as molecular switches alternating between inactive GDP-bound and active GT-bound states [].In humans, RALA and RALB are activated in tumour-derived cell lines. RALA severely impairs the anchorage-independent proliferation of cancer cell lines [], while RALB is required to suppress apoptotic checkpoint activation and is essential for the survival of a variety of tumour-derived cell lines []. RALA and RALB share the same effector molecules, such as SEC5 and EXO84. However, they seem to function in distinct but inter-related biological processes. RALA regulates the assembly interface of a full octameric exocyst complex through interaction with Sec5 and Exo84 []. The RALB/Sec5 effector complex is involved in the TBK1-dependent innate immune signaling [], while the interaction between PALB and EXO84 promotes the assembly of catalytically active ULK1 and the beclin-1-VPS34 autophagy initiation complex []. This entry also includes Xenopus RalA and RalB. RalB regulates the actin cytoskeleton during the early development and affects gastrulation []. |
