| Type | MGI:General | Description | intestinal organoid cultures produce higher levels of cytokines, including interleukin-6, interleukin-1 beta, and CXCL12 luminal perfusion of TLR9 (endotoxin-free E.coli DNA) or TLR4 (LPS) agonists drastically activates cytokine responses in germ-free mutants compared to wild-type controls, indicating that intestinal epithelial cells show impaired tolerance to microbial TLR agonists |
