| Primary Identifier | IPR027294 | Type | Family |
| Short Name | NPS_rcpt |
| description | Neuropeptide S (NPS) is a neuropeptide found in human and mammalian brain and is mainly produced by neurons in the amygdala, expression has also been found in other areas of the brain such as the lateral parabrachial nucleus and hypothalamus [, , , ]. Overall, the expression of NPS is restricted in the brain, but it has been found in peripheral sites that include mostly endocrine tissues such as thyroid, mammary gland, salivary gland and testis. Neuropeptide S has been was found to suppress anxiety [, , , ]and appetite [, ], induce wakefulness and hyperactivity, including hyper-sexuality [, , ], and plays a significant role in the extinction of conditioned fear. Central administration of NPS was also found to modulate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity []. This entry represents the neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR), which is a member of the rhodopsin G protein-coupled receptor family []and it binds NPS [, , ]. Like the tissue distribution of NPS, the neuropeptide S receptor is widely distributed in the brain, with high expression levels in cortex, hypothalamus, amygdala and multiple midline thalamic nuclei. Many of these areas have been functionally associated processing of emotional behaviour, promoting arousal and anxiolytic-like effects [, ]. In addition to this, activation of NPSR in the airway epithelium has a number of effects including up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases which are involved in the pathogenesis of asthma []. It is also thought to be involved in irritable bowel syndrome []. |
