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Type  MGI:General Description  although mutant sperm exhibit normal forward velocity and percentage of motile cells, they are unable to generate the hyperactivated form of sperm motility required for fertilization, as revealed by the absence of high track velocity and nonlinear trajectory spermatozoa in mutant sperm cell populations in mutant sperm, normal forward velocity is maintained despite a slight reduction in average flagellar amplitude and a small increase in the rate of flagellar beat in a high-viscosity medium, mutant sperm lose their ability to swim forward, whereas wild-type sperm remain progressively motile with reductions in forward velocity of ~50%