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Publication : NDNF interneurons in layer 1 gain-modulate whole cortical columns according to an animal's behavioral state.

First Author  Cohen-Kashi Malina K Year  2021
Journal  Neuron Volume  109
Issue  13 Pages  2150-2164.e5
PubMed ID  34038743 Mgi Jnum  J:312783
Mgi Id  MGI:6720570 Doi  10.1016/j.neuron.2021.05.001
Citation  Cohen-Kashi Malina K, et al. (2021) NDNF interneurons in layer 1 gain-modulate whole cortical columns according to an animal's behavioral state. Neuron 109(13):2150-2164.e5
abstractText  Processing of sensory information in neural circuits is modulated by an animal's behavioral state, but the underlying cellular mechanisms are not well understood. Focusing on the mouse visual cortex, here we analyze the role of GABAergic interneurons that are located in layer 1 and express Ndnf (L1 NDNF INs) in the state-dependent control over sensory processing. We find that the ongoing and sensory-evoked activity of L1 NDNF INs is strongly enhanced when an animal is aroused and that L1 NDNF INs gain-modulate local excitatory neurons selectively during high-arousal states by inhibiting their apical dendrites while disinhibiting their somata via Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons. Because active NDNF INs are evenly spread in L1 and can affect excitatory neurons across all cortical layers, this indicates that the state-dependent activation of L1 NDNF INs and the subsequent shift of inhibition in excitatory neurons toward their apical dendrites gain-modulate sensory processing in whole cortical columns.
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