ADAM19 peptidase (also known as meltrin beta; MEROPS identifier M12.214) is located in the Golgi. It sheds the ectodomain of NRG1beta1 from the Golgi membranes []and also sheds other proteins, such as heparin-binding epidermal growth factor, tumour necrosis factor and the amyloid precursor protein (APP) []. Because the peptides released from APP do not form amyloid deposits, ADAM19 may have a protective role in Alzheimer's disease []. ADAM19 is a multidomain protein with a propeptide, a metallopeptidase, a disintegrin, and a cysteine-rich domain, followed by a transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic tail. The propeptide is removed by furin []. The cytoplasmic tail interacts with the SH3 domain of Tks5(I) []. The ADAM19 gene is expressed in muscle and nerve cells during embryonic development and a short isoform is found in dorsal root ganglia []. The gene is also over-expressed in several human cancers and cancer cell lines including astrocytomas and glioblastomas []and in the placenta, where ADAM19 may reduce cell invasion [].
