Pax3 was expressed in streams of neural crest cells that could be seen emerging from rhombomeres 2 and 4, entering branchial arches 1 and 2 respectively. Streams of cells could also be seen emerging from the neural tube caudal to the otic vesicle.
Expression was noted in two longitudinal domains, ventromedial and dorsolateral, as well as a posterior dorsal domain. The ventromedial domain contained six transverse bands that corresponded to inter-rhombomere boundaries. The position of the Lhx1-positive bands were likely at the rhombomere boundaries: r1/r2, r2/r3, r3/r4, r4/r5, r5/r6, and r6/r7.
Expression was weak in almost all the regions of the neuroepithelium surrounding the fourth ventricle. Among this uniform expression, cells in the outer-most zone stood out with a markedly high level of expression. Almost all highly expressing cells were negative for Nestin. In contrast, all other neuroepithelial cells were positive for Nestin.
Expression was weak in almost all the regions of the neuroepithelium surrounding the fourth ventricle. Among this uniform expression, cells in the outer-most zone stood out with a markedly high level of expression. Almost all highly expressing cells were strongly positive for Map2. In contrast, almost all the other neuroepithelial cells were negative for MAP2.
Expression was in the dorsal region of the olfactory epithelium, with a few cells in the ventral region. More labeled cells were in the septum than the turbinate. Staining was weaker in Lhx2-/-. The number of labeled cells was similar to Lhx2+/+.
Expression was in the dorsal region of the olfactory epithelium, with a few cells in the ventral region. More labeled cells were in the septum than the turbinate. Staining was weaker in Lhx2-/-. The number of labeled cells was similar to Lhx2+/+.
Expressed at lower levels in the cells lining the lumen of the epithelial chords, while high level cells were detected within or adjacent to the epithelial chords. There was a statistically significant correlation between Neurog3 and Foxa2 expression levels (see Fig 5D and 5E).
The positions and size of the cranial ganglia of the trigeminal, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves were almost normal. All the cranial nerves projected to their correct target regions. But the trajectory of each cranial nerve was severely disorganized in the mutant. No abnormal pathway or trajectory was observed in the oculomotor, trochlear, or vestibulocochlear nerves.
Expression was negative in the preisthmus and most of the superior colliculus, but positive in the inferior colliculus/brachium of the inferior colliculus complex. There was strong labeling in the intercollicular domain (ICol), intercalated between the superior colliculus and the inferior colliculus.
Expression was negative in the preisthmus and most of the superior colliculus, but positive in the inferior colliculus/brachium of the inferior colliculus complex. There was strong labeling in the intercollicular domain (ICol), intercalated between the superior colliculus and the inferior colliculus.
Expression was negative in the preisthmus and most of the superior colliculus, but positive in the inferior colliculus/brachium of the inferior colliculus complex. There was strong labeling in the intercollicular domain (ICol), intercalated between the superior colliculus and the inferior colliculus. There was also a separate patch of Meis2 expression in the basal mesomere 1 area.
Expression was negative in the preisthmus and most of the superior colliculus, but positive in the inferior colliculus/brachium of the inferior colliculus complex. There was strong labeling in the intercollicular domain (ICol), intercalated between the superior colliculus and the inferior colliculus. There was also a separate patch of Meis2 expression in the basal mesomere 1 area.
A negative inferior colliculus core nucleus was observed with an underlying positive periventricular stratum, which is continuous with the preisthmic mantle, as well as with the superior colliculus counterpart. The superficial mantle intercalated between the negative inferior colliculus and superior colliculus domains showed an increased signal of Lhx2.
A negative inferior colliculus core nucleus was observed with an underlying positive periventricular stratum, which is continuous with the preisthmic mantle, as well as with the superior colliculus counterpart. The superficial mantle intercalated between the negative inferior colliculus and superior colliculus domains showed an increased signal of Lhx2.
A negative inferior colliculus core nucleus was observed with an underlying positive periventricular stratum, which is continuous with the preisthmic mantle, as well as with the superior colliculus counterpart. The superficial mantle intercalated between the negative inferior colliculus and superior colliculus domains showed an increased signal of Lhx2.
A negative inferior colliculus core nucleus was observed with an underlying positive periventricular stratum, which is continuous with the preisthmic mantle, as well as with the superior colliculus counterpart. The superficial mantle intercalated between the negative inferior colliculus and superior colliculus domains showed an increased signal of Lhx2.
Signal was strong in the inferior colliculus, and was detected in the superior colliculus. Signal was not detected in the intercollicular area. Some staining was observed in preisthmic patches caudal to the inferior colliculus and in the adjoining parabigeminal isthmic nucleus.
Signal was strong in the inferior colliculus, and was detected in the superior colliculus. Signal was not detected in the intercollicular area. Some staining was observed in preisthmic patches caudal to the inferior colliculus and in the adjoining parabigeminal isthmic nucleus.
Signal was strong in the inferior colliculus and brachium of the inferior colliculus nucleus, and was detected in the superior colliculus. Signal was not detected in the intercollicular area. Some staining was observed in preisthmic patches caudal to the inferior colliculus and in the adjoining parabigeminal isthmic nucleus.
A segment of the arch (actin-negative cells) which lacked expression in its outer media cell layers was shown, in contrast to more up- and downstream regions. Expressed in the most cells expressing smooth muscle-specific proteins. Lower levels of expression were visible in the entire B-segment of the aorta, marked a more extensive area than the distinct ring of actin-indigent cells.
Several positive fibers grew into the skin surface in an irregular manner. The segmental pattern of skin sensory innervation was partially but not completely disrupted. Several nerve fibers arrived at the opposite side of the embryos after crossing the dorsal midline. The dorsal root afferent arrived at correct positions within the spinal cord and formed the dorsal funiculus.
About 70% of spermatogonia in the whole population were immuno-positive, and of these 41% showed the protein staining exclusively in the cytoplasm, whereas in the remaining a diffuse distribution both in the cytoplasmic and the nuclear compartment was detected. No immunopositivity in somatic cells was observed.
Expression was in a transient layer in the upper aspect of the internal granule cell layer, as well as in scattered cells in deeper layers of the internal granule cells layer. Cells in the internal granule cell layer do not co-express with Rbfox3.
Expression was in a transient layer in the upper aspect of the internal granule cell layer, as well as in scattered cells in deeper layers of the internal granule cells layer. Cells in the internal granule cell layer do not co-express with Rbfox3.
The authors state that the faint staining as a thin line outlining the outermost superficial layer of the epithelium is likely an artefact caused by the antibody 'sticking' to the edges of the section, since this staining was also seen in wild-type corneal sections.
The authors state that the faint staining as a thin line outlining the outermost superficial layer of the epithelium is likely an artefact caused by the antibody 'sticking' to the edges of the section, since this staining was also seen in wild-type corneal sections.
Expression is restricted to a small region of the in the rrof of the 4th ventricle thatw as limited to the diverticulum of the ependymal layer close to the rostral portion of the medulla oblongata. Lower magnification was shown in the inset.
In an abnormal region of the neural tube, where edges of the neural tube were still in contact or were closely apposed, no expression was detected in presumptive roof plate cells, expected to be located at the lateral margins of the open neural tube.
Expressed at the very distal region making a U-shape surrounding the dental epithelial tip. The posterior tip showed widespread expression, while the more anterior regions showed a restriction to the lingual side. At the tip the widespread expression was located in an area of flat epithelium, which thickened anteriorly.
Expressed at the very distal region making a U-shape surrounding the dental epithelial tip. The posterior tip showed widespread expression, while the more anterior regions showed a restriction to the lingual side. At the tip the widespread expression was located in an area of flat epithelium, which thickened anteriorly.
As in wild type, expression was strong in the mesenchyme adjacent to the distal urethral plate epithelium(UPE) and in the distal UPE. Normal expression was present in the rostral genital tubercle. Expression was absent from the proximal UPE in the mutant.
Expression was maintained at wild-type levels (strong expression in 4 embryos, weak in 2), but the onset of its laterality appeared to be delayed and slightly perturbed: either L>R (in 2 embryos), L=R (in 2 embryos), or L
Weak expression was only detectable in early somite stages (2 to 4 somites) mutant embryos (4 out of 8): enriched on the left side (L>R) in 2 embryos, equally (L=R) in one, and enriched on the right side (L
Strong expression was enriched on the left side of the node (L>R) in 10 out of 18 embryos of 1-5 somites, enriched on the right side in one (LR, one 6 somites, one 7 somites).
GFP fluorescence was found in a centrally located subset of node monocilia, which were identified by anti-acetylated tubulin. No left-right asymmetry was noted in the distribution of GFP fluorescing cilia. A second subset of node monocilia does not show GFP fluorescence, predominantly found at the left, right and anterior margins of the node (31-33% of all cilia).
Decreased expression in the posterior stomach was paralleled by a significant increase in the fraction of BrdU+ endodermal precursor cells and the formation of a striated, undulating epithelium. Expression and the fraction of BrdU+ cells did not change through development in the anterior stomach.
Expressed in a high nasal to low temporal gradient. Stronger expression nasally extended to the distal edge of the retina, where the ciliary margin is located. In temporal regions, expression was not very strong and probably did not stain all ciliary margin cells.
Expression was detected in proliferating cells. Within the ventral retina, there was a significant decrease in the percentage of progenitors (% EdU+ Ki67-/EdU+) that exit cell cycle in the ventral peripheral neural retina and the ciliary margin zone, when compared with the ventral central neural retina.
Expression was detected in proliferating cells. Cell exit (% EdU+ Ki67-/EdU+) was reduced in both ventral and dorsal ciliary margin zone of Cyclin D2-/- mice compared with cell cycle exit in wild type. However, cell cycle exit was similar within the peripheral retina of wild type and Cyclin D2-/- mice.
Expression was detected in cells migrating through the deep part of the cortical plate (which will give rise to cortical layers V and VI) and in condensed cells in the outer-most part of the cortical plate (which will give rise to cortical layers II-IV).
Expression is restricted to a small region of the in the rrof of the 4th ventricle thatw as limited to the diverticulum of the ependymal layer close to the rostral portion of the medulla oblongata. Lower magnification was shown in the inset.
Expression was strongest in the anterior region of the limb bud and expanding distally and down the posterior regions. Expression did not completely reach the posterior limb boundary. There was no staining in the zone of polarizing activity (ZPA) compared with Shh staining. There was staining in the progress zone by comparison to Fgf10 staining.
Expression was detected in cells on the labial side but not the lingual aspect. Staining on the labial side was weak in the posterior aspect, but robust in the more incisal (distal) aspect. Staining was absent at the tip of the incisors and in the most proximal (apical) aspect of incisors.
Cell counting analysis of expressing cells, summarized in Fig 7D. Decreased expression compared with that of P14. Only the ratio of positive cells in the layer VI was shown, since expression was only seen in the layer VI. Most positive cells were Rbfox3/NeuN-positive neurons (see Fig 8C).
Cell counting analysis of expressing cells, summarized in Fig 7D. Decreased expression compared with that of P14. Only the ratio of positive cells in the layer VI was shown, since expression was only seen in the layer VI. Most positive cells were Rbfox3/NeuN-positive neurons (see Fig 8C).
Cell counting analysis of expressing cells, summarized in Fig 7D. Decreased expression compared with that of P14. Only the ratio of positive cells in the layer VI was shown, since expression was only seen in the layer VI. Most positive cells were Rbfox3/NeuN-positive neurons (see Fig 8C).
Lefty is bilaterally expressed in 4 of 7 nt embryos examined. In two of these, lefty expression was asymmetric, one showing higher expression in the left and ther other in the right lateral plate mesoderm. Lefty was absent in the other embryos.
Lefty is bilaterally expressed in 4 of 7 nt embryos examined. In two of these, lefty expression was asymmetric, one showing higher expression in the left and ther other in the right lateral plate mesoderm. Lefty was absent in the other embryos.
Strongest immunoreactivity was observed in two rows of cells adjacent to the inner plexiform layer. Signal was concentrated strongly within a discrete perinuclear bright spot. More diffuse cytoplasmic staining was also observed in amacrine cells. Staining was noted in bipolar cell and horizontal cell somata in the outer part of the inner nuclear layer.
Staining was observed in myofibrils of varying stages of maturity, including nascent myofibrils with irregular and/or periodic dots of immunostaining with continuous F-actin staining. Mature, but very thin, myofibrils were also present at this stage, with regularly spaced dots of immunostaining alternating with distinct and periodic gaps in F-actin.
