This entry includes cysteine oxidases (PCOs) from plants and 2-aminoethanethiol dioxygenases (ADOs) from animals. PCOs oxidize N-terminal cysteine residues, thus preparing the protein for N-end rule pathway-mediated proteasomal degradation []. ADO is responsible for endogenous cysteamine dioxygenase activity [].
This domain is found in proteins involved in the 1,2 rearrangement of the terminal amino group of DL-lysine and of L-beta-lysine, using adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate as cofactors. The structure is predominantly a PLP-binding TIM barrel domain, with several additional α-helices and β-strands at the N and C termini. These helices and strands form an intertwined accessory clamp structure that wraps around the sides of the TIM barrel and extends up toward the Ado ligand of the Cbl cofactor, providing most of the interactions observed between the protein and the Ado ligand of the Cbl, suggesting that its role is mainly in stabilising AdoCbl in the precatalytic resting state.
This domain superfamily is found in proteins involved in the 1,2 rearrangement of the terminal amino group of DL-lysine and of L-beta-lysine, using adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate as cofactors. The structure is predominantly a PLP-binding TIM barrel domain, with several additional α-helices and β-strands at the N and C termini. These helices and strands form an intertwined accessory clamp structure that wraps around the sides of the TIM barrel and extends up toward the Ado ligand of the Cbl cofactor, providing most of the interactions observed between the protein and the Ado ligand of the Cbl, suggesting that its role is mainly in stabilising AdoCbl in the precatalytic resting state.
