Four members of the syndecan family of transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans are expressed in mammals, Sdc1-4 [, ]. Syndecan 1 (Sdc1) plays an important role in regulating key events during wound healing, including cell adhesion, cell migration and fibrosis [, , ]. Sdc1 is expressed in injured primary sensory neurons and may have a role in nerve regeneration and synaptic plasticity [].
This entry includes Sdc1 from yeasts, and its homologues, Dpy-30, from animals. Protein dpy-30 homologue (DPY30) is a component of the MLL1/MLL complex which trimethylates histone H3 at 'Lys-4' as a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation []. DPY30 is also a component in MLL2/3 and MLL4/WBP7 methyltransferase-containing complexes [, ]and the SET1 complex []. DPY30 is found in the nucleus and the trans-Golgi network where it interacts with ARFGEF1 implying a role in endosomal trafficking []. This entry also includes C. elegans dpy-30, which is an essential component of the C. elegans dosage compensation machinery that reduces X chromosome transcript levels in hermaphrodites (XX) [].The SET1 complex is a methyltransferase that that produces trimethylated histone H3 at Lys(4). It is composed of at least the catalytic subunit (SETD1A or SETD1B), WDR5, WDR82, RBBP5, ASH2L/ASH2, CXXC1/CFP1, HCFC1 and DPY30 []. In yeast there is only one SET1 complex, but in mammals there are additional H3K4 methylases [].
