Pseudouridine, the most common RNA modification, has been suggested to play a role in RNA stability, RNA folding/secondary structure, and translation efficiency and fidelity. Trub2 has been identified as a pseudouridine synthase that contributes to the conversion of uridine to pseudouridine (PSI) at position 390 in mitochondrial COXI (MT-CO1) mRNA and at position 697-699 in mitochondrial COXIII (MT-CO3) mRNA [, ]. Trub2 also catalyses pseudouridylation of some tRNAs, including synthesis of pseudouridine(55) from uracil-55, in the psi GC loop of a subset of tRNAs [].
