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Search results 2101 to 2200 out of 7007 for Gh

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Type Details Score
Publication
9500457 | J:46092
First Author: Kondo S
Year: 1998
Journal: Cancer Res
Title: Retroviral transfer of CPP32beta gene into malignant gliomas in vitro and in vivo.
Volume: 58
Issue: 5
Pages: 962-7
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Publication
10025505 | J:52527
First Author: Xuan JW
Year: 1999
Journal: DNA Cell Biol
Title: cDNA, genomic cloning, and gene expression analysis of mouse PSP94 (prostate secretory protein of 94 amino acids).
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Pages: 11-26
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Publication
10365661 | J:55450
First Author: Gilbert R
Year: 1999
Journal: Hum Gene Ther
Title: Adenovirus-mediated utrophin gene transfer mitigates the dystrophic phenotype of mdx mouse muscles.
Volume: 10
Issue: 8
Pages: 1299-310
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Publication
15147633 | J:91323
First Author: Zhang XY
Year: 2004
Journal: Acta Histochem
Title: Expression pattern of apolipoprotein M during mouse and human embryogenesis.
Volume: 106
Issue: 2
Pages: 123-8
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Publication
1349609 | J:91360
First Author: Hauft SM
Year: 1992
Journal: J Cell Biol
Title: Expression of SV-40 T antigen in the small intestinal epithelium of transgenic mice results in proliferative changes in the crypt and reentry of villus-associated enterocytes into the cell cycle but has no apparent effect on cellular differentiation programs and does not cause neoplastic transformation.
Volume: 117
Issue: 4
Pages: 825-39
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Publication
17989316 | J:130682
First Author: Rabe B
Year: 2008
Journal: Blood
Title: Transgenic blockade of interleukin 6 transsignaling abrogates inflammation.
Volume: 111
Issue: 3
Pages: 1021-8
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Publication
19321129 | J:148706
First Author: Ghavami S
Year: 2009
Journal: Biochim Biophys Acta
Title: Role of BNIP3 in TNF-induced cell death--TNF upregulates BNIP3 expression.
Volume: 1793
Issue: 3
Pages: 546-60
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Publication
20696287 | J:166378
First Author: Lee YS
Year: 2010
Journal: Bone
Title: AMP kinase acts as a negative regulator of RANKL in the differentiation of osteoclasts.
Volume: 47
Issue: 5
Pages: 926-37
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Publication
21300878 | J:169300
First Author: Kim SJ
Year: 2011
Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Title: Analysis of cellular and behavioral responses to imiquimod reveals a unique itch pathway in transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)-expressing neurons.
Volume: 108
Issue: 8
Pages: 3371-6
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Publication
21181199 | J:170768
First Author: Lee HW
Year: 2011
Journal: Cell Tissue Res
Title: Expression of lymphatic endothelium-specific hyaluronan receptor LYVE-1 in the developing mouse kidney.
Volume: 343
Issue: 2
Pages: 429-44
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Publication
22952723 | J:191662
First Author: Raafat A
Year: 2012
Journal: PLoS One
Title: Effects of age and parity on mammary gland lesions and progenitor cells in the FVB/N-RC mice.
Volume: 7
Issue: 8
Pages: e43624
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Publication
23063524 | J:192957
First Author: Mancour LV
Year: 2012
Journal: Mol Cell
Title: Ligand-induced architecture of the leptin receptor signaling complex.
Volume: 48
Issue: 4
Pages: 655-61
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Publication
23209286 | J:197111
First Author: Garbers C
Year: 2013
Journal: J Biol Chem
Title: An interleukin-6 receptor-dependent molecular switch mediates signal transduction of the IL-27 cytokine subunit p28 (IL-30) via a gp130 protein receptor homodimer.
Volume: 288
Issue: 6
Pages: 4346-54
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Publication
24113459 | J:202939
First Author: Arriola Benitez PC
Year: 2013
Journal: Am J Pathol
Title: Brucella abortus induces collagen deposition and MMP-9 down-modulation in hepatic stellate cells via TGF-β1 production.
Volume: 183
Issue: 6
Pages: 1918-27
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Publication
23065827 | J:208312
First Author: Sharma N
Year: 2012
Journal: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
Title: Myeloid Krüppel-like factor 4 deficiency augments atherogenesis in ApoE-/- mice--brief report.
Volume: 32
Issue: 12
Pages: 2836-8
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Publication
24920753 | J:214248
First Author: Lai CF
Year: 2014
Journal: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol
Title: Blockade of cysteine-rich protein 61 attenuates renal inflammation and fibrosis after ischemic kidney injury.
Volume: 307
Issue: 5
Pages: F581-92
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Publication
24328857 | J:232080
First Author: Bang BR
Year: 2014
Journal: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol
Title: Interleukin-32γ suppresses allergic airway inflammation in mouse models of asthma.
Volume: 50
Issue: 6
Pages: 1021-30
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Publication
27644326 | J:243003
     
First Author: Jiang M
Year: 2016
Journal: Mol Cell Biol
Title: MIST1 and PTF1 Collaborate in Feed-forward Regulatory Loops that Maintain the Pancreatic Acinar Phenotype in Adult Mice.
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Publication
25394489 | J:258553
First Author: Qi Y
Year: 2015
Journal: Cell Death Differ
Title: PTEN induces apoptosis and cavitation via HIF-2-dependent Bnip3 upregulation during epithelial lumen formation.
Volume: 22
Issue: 5
Pages: 875-84
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Publication
28611183 | J:260329
 
First Author: Zhou W
Year: 2017
Journal: Sci Signal
Title: The lncRNA H19 mediates breast cancer cell plasticity during EMT and MET plasticity by differentially sponging miR-200b/c and let-7b.
Volume: 10
Issue: 483
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Publication
29487381 | J:263814
First Author: Li X
Year: 2018
Journal: Sci Rep
Title: mGluR5 antagonism inhibits cocaine reinforcement and relapse by elevation of extracellular glutamate in the nucleus accumbens via a CB1 receptor mechanism.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Pages: 3686
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Publication
26548763 | J:265644
 
First Author: Mao JH
Year: 2015
Journal: Sci Rep
Title: Identification of genetic factors that modify motor performance and body weight using Collaborative Cross mice.
Volume: 5
Pages: 16247
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Publication
21079772 | J:356958
First Author: Yang JS
Year: 2010
Journal: PLoS One
Title: Changes in hepatic gene expression upon oral administration of taurine-conjugated ursodeoxycholic acid in ob/ob mice.
Volume: 5
Issue: 11
Pages: e13858
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Publication
28216641 | J:276108
 
First Author: Lv JN
Year: 2017
Journal: Sci Rep
Title: Targeted RP9 ablation and mutagenesis in mouse photoreceptor cells by CRISPR-Cas9.
Volume: 7
Pages: 43062
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Publication
30926548 | J:276016
 
First Author: Ma CL
Year: 2019
Journal: Neuroscience
Title: Acid-Sensing Ion Channel 1a Modulates NMDA Receptor Function Through Targeting NR1/NR2A/NR2B Triheteromeric Receptors.
Volume: 406
Pages: 389-404
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Publication
31113929 | J:295823
First Author: Song MY
Year: 2019
Journal: Exp Mol Med
Title: Adipose sirtuin 6 drives macrophage polarization toward M2 through IL-4 production and maintains systemic insulin sensitivity in mice and humans.
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Pages: 1-10
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Publication
19783797 | J:296805
First Author: Chen S
Year: 2009
Journal: J Dent Res
Title: Runx2, osx, and dspp in tooth development.
Volume: 88
Issue: 10
Pages: 904-9
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Publication
23027861 | J:316433
First Author: Wu Y
Year: 2012
Journal: J Biol Chem
Title: Interplay between menin and K-Ras in regulating lung adenocarcinoma.
Volume: 287
Issue: 47
Pages: 40003-11
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Publication
25446011 | J:319086
 
First Author: Rishi MT
Year: 2015
Journal: Microvasc Res
Title: Deletion of prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins (PHD1, PHD3) stabilizes hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha, promotes neovascularization, and improves perfusion in a murine model of hind-limb ischemia.
Volume: 97
Pages: 181-8
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Publication
36425057 | J:331635
 
First Author: Xu MM
Year: 2022
Journal: Oxid Med Cell Longev
Title: Melatonin Suppresses Macrophage M1 Polarization and ROS-Mediated Pyroptosis via Activating ApoE/LDLR Pathway in Influenza A-Induced Acute Lung Injury.
Volume: 2022
Pages: 2520348
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Publication
35611768 | J:334580
First Author: Liang Y
Year: 2022
Journal: Bioengineered
Title: Knockout of circRNA single stranded interacting protein 1 (circRBMS1) played a protective role in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury though inhibition of miR-2355-3p/Mammalian Sterile20-like kinase 1 (MST1) axis.
Volume: 13
Issue: 5
Pages: 12726-12737
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Publication
2825030 | J:30807
First Author: Leung DW
Year: 1987
Journal: Nature
Title: Growth hormone receptor and serum binding protein: purification, cloning and expression.
Volume: 330
Issue: 6148
Pages: 537-43
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Publication
11286784 | -
First Author: Okada S
Year: 2001
Journal: Trends Mol Med
Title: Biological effects of growth hormone and its antagonist.
Volume: 7
Issue: 3
Pages: 126-32
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Publication
14519102 | -
First Author: Schantl JA
Year: 2004
Journal: Biochem J
Title: The growth hormone receptor interacts with its sheddase, the tumour necrosis factor-alpha-converting enzyme (TACE).
Volume: 377
Issue: Pt 2
Pages: 379-84
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Protein Domain
IPR025871 | GHBP
Type: Domain
Description: Growth hormone receptor binding protein is produced either by proteolysis of the growth hormone receptor (GHR) at the cell surface thereby releasing its extracellular domain, the GHBP (growth hormone-binding protein), or, in rodents, by alternative processing of the GHR transcript. The sheddase proteolytic enzyme responsible for the cleavage is TACE (tumour necrosis factor-alpha-converting enzyme) [, ].Growth hormone (GH) binding to GH receptor is the initial step that leads to the physiological functions of the hormone []. The biological effects of GHBP are determined by the serum levels of GH, which can vary. Low levels of GH can result in a dwarf phenotype and have been positively correlated with an increased life expectancy. High levels of GH can lead to gigantism or a clinical syndrome termed acromegaly and have been implicated in diabetic eye and kidney damage [].
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Publication
7390396 | J:6340
First Author: Nissley SP
Year: 1980
Journal: Horm Metab Res
Title: Somatomedin activity in sera of genetically small mice.
Volume: 12
Issue: 4
Pages: 158-64
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Publication
7069343 | J:6741
First Author: Phillips JA 3rd
Year: 1982
Journal: J Endocrinol
Title: Analysis of growth hormone genes in mice with genetic defects of growth hormone expression.
Volume: 92
Issue: 3
Pages: 405-7
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Allele
Tg(Gh-Gal)4599Vron | MGI:3524994
Name: transgene insertion 4599, M E Vrontakis
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Inserted expressed sequence
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Allele
Tg(Dct-Grm1)ESzc | MGI:3525118
Name: transgene insertion E, Suzie Chen
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Inserted expressed sequence
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Allele
Tg(Mt1a-GPHB5)1Sok | MGI:3639358
Name: transgene insertion 1, Shannon L Okada
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Inserted expressed sequence
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Publication
11782539 | J:73985
First Author: Antos CL
Year: 2002
Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Title: Activated glycogen synthase-3 beta suppresses cardiac hypertrophy in vivo.
Volume: 99
Issue: 2
Pages: 907-12
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Allele
F2<tm1Jld> | MGI:3831686
Name: coagulation factor II; targeted mutation 1, Jay L Degen
Allele Type: Targeted
Attribute String: Conditional ready, No functional change
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Strain
MGI:5052137 | FVB.129S6-Gt(ROSA)26Sor<tm1(Pik3ca*H1047R)Egan>/J
Attribute String: targeted mutation, mutant strain, congenic
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Strain
MGI:6147057 | FVB.129S6-Gt(ROSA)26Sor<tm1(Pik3ca*H1047R)Egan>
Attribute String: mutant strain, congenic, targeted mutation
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Publication
30297712 | J:267569
First Author: Wu S
Year: 2018
Journal: Nat Commun
Title: SWI/SNF catalytic subunits' switch drives resistance to EZH2 inhibitors in ARID1A-mutated cells.
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Pages: 4116
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Allele
Tg(Col1a1-Hsd11b2)Bek | MGI:5300940
Name: transgene insertion, Barbara E Kream
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Inserted expressed sequence
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Allele
Tg(Amh-SMAD2*)#Jebu | MGI:5543909
Name: transgene insertion, Joanna E Burdette
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Dominant negative, Inserted expressed sequence
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Allele
Tg(Itgam-cre/ERT2,U6-RNAi:Cacna1b)17Ttan | MGI:5705582
Name: transgene insertion 17, Tsutomu Tanabe
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Inducible, Knockdown, Recombinase
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Strain
MGI:6454689 | C57BL/6-Elmo1<tm1Mki>/J
Attribute String: coisogenic, mutant strain, targeted mutation
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Allele
Elmo1<tm1.1Mki> | MGI:5910339
 
Name: engulfment and cell motility 1; targeted mutation 1.1, Masao Kakoki
Allele Type: Targeted
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Publication
28076448 | J:266831
First Author: Decourtye L
Year: 2017
Journal: PLoS One
Title: IGF-1 Induces GHRH Neuronal Axon Elongation during Early Postnatal Life in Mice.
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Pages: e0170083
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Allele
Tg(Myh6-PRKAG2*)H530RBlsg | MGI:6367665
Name: transgene insertion H530R, Bao-Liang Song
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Humanized sequence, Inserted expressed sequence
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Allele
Apoe<tm2.2Hol> | MGI:6780677
Name: apolipoprotein E; targeted mutation 2.2, David M Holtzman
Allele Type: Targeted
Attribute String: Null/knockout
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Allele
Apoe<tm3.1(APOE_i4)Hol> | MGI:6780678
Name: apolipoprotein E; targeted mutation 2.1, David M Holtzman
Allele Type: Targeted
Attribute String: Conditional ready, Inserted expressed sequence, Null/knockout
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Allele
Apoe<tm1.1(APOE_i2)Hol> | MGI:6780675
Name: apolipoprotein E; targeted mutation 1.1, David M Holtzman
Allele Type: Targeted
Attribute String: Inserted expressed sequence, Null/knockout
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Allele
Apoe<tm2.1(APOE_i3)Hol> | MGI:6780676
Name: apolipoprotein E; targeted mutation 2.1, David M Holtzman
Allele Type: Targeted
Attribute String: Conditional ready, Inserted expressed sequence, Null/knockout
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Publication
31080136 | J:352724
First Author: Hashimoto H
Year: 2019
Journal: Cell Stem Cell
Title: Cardiac Reprogramming Factors Synergistically Activate Genome-wide Cardiogenic Stage-Specific Enhancers.
Volume: 25
Issue: 1
Pages: 69-86.e5
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Allele
Tg(Tnni3-lacZ)#Vmc | MGI:7378841
Name: transgene insertion, Vincent M Christoffels
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Reporter
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Allele
Tg(Nppa-lacZ)r-0.7Vmc | MGI:7378835
Name: transgene insertion r-0.7, Vincent M Christoffels
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Reporter
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Allele
Tg(Rr315-lacZ)#Vmc | MGI:7380401
Name: transgene insertion, Vincent M Christoffels
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Reporter
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Allele
Tg(Nppa-lacZ)m-0.7Vmc | MGI:7382811
Name: transgene insertion m-0.7, Vincent M Christoffels
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Reporter
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Allele
Tg(Myh6-GAL4)#Vmc | MGI:7382858
Name: transgene insertion, Vincent M Christoffels
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Reporter
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Allele
Gt(ROSA)26Sor<tm3(Pik3ca*E545K)Egan> | MGI:7493251
Name: gene trap ROSA 26, Philippe Soriano; targeted mutation 3, Sean E Egan
Allele Type: Targeted
Attribute String: Conditional ready, Inserted expressed sequence
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Allele
Tg(CAG-EGFP,-IL6,-mCherry)29Kenw | MGI:7520822
Name: transgene insertion 29, Ken Watanabe
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Conditional ready, Inserted expressed sequence, Reporter
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Allele
Tg(CAG-EGFP,-IL6,-mCherry)56Kenw | MGI:7520824
Name: transgene insertion 56, Ken Watanabe
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Conditional ready, Inserted expressed sequence, Reporter
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Allele
Gt(ROSA)26Sor<tm12(Hes1,EGFP)Imayo> | MGI:7522459
Name: gene trap ROSA 26, Philippe Soriano; targeted mutation 12, Itaru Imayoshi
Allele Type: Targeted
Attribute String: Inserted expressed sequence, Reporter
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Strain
MGI:7610821 | B6(Cg)-Actb<em2(tetO-CHRM3*/mCherry)Kta>/Rbrc
Attribute String: endonuclease-mediated mutation, mutant strain
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Publication
27894274 | J:239400
First Author: Aida T
Year: 2016
Journal: BMC Genomics
Title: Gene cassette knock-in in mammalian cells and zygotes by enhanced MMEJ.
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Pages: 979
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Allele
Actb<em3(tetO-GRK2*/mCherry)Kta> | MGI:7610683
Name: actin, beta; endonuclease-mediated mutation 1, Kohichi Tanaka
Allele Type: Endonuclease-mediated
Attribute String: Conditional ready, Epitope tag, Inserted expressed sequence, Reporter
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Allele
Gt(ROSA)26Sor<tm4(Pik3ca*E545K*H1047R)Egan> | MGI:7618564
Name: gene trap ROSA 26, Philippe Soriano; targeted mutation 4, Sean E Egan
Allele Type: Targeted
Attribute String: Conditional ready, Inserted expressed sequence
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Allele
Tg(Rr500-EGFP)#Jejo | MGI:7705078
Name: transgene insertion, Jane E Johnson
Allele Type: Transgenic
Attribute String: Reporter
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Allele
Gt(ROSA)26Sor<tm14(G6pc1)Ics> | MGI:7788416
Name: gene trap ROSA 26, Philippe Soriano; targeted mutation 14, Mouse Clinical Institute
Allele Type: Targeted
Attribute String: Conditional ready, Inserted expressed sequence
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Allele
Gt(ROSA)26Sor<tm9(Slc15a1)Ics> | MGI:7788423
Name: gene trap ROSA 26, Philippe Soriano; targeted mutation 9, Mouse Clinical Institute
Allele Type: Targeted
Attribute String: Conditional ready, Inserted expressed sequence
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Allele
Gt(ROSA)26Sor<tm7(Tnfsf10)Ics> | MGI:7788424
Name: gene trap ROSA 26, Philippe Soriano; targeted mutation 7, Mouse Clinical Institute
Allele Type: Targeted
Attribute String: Conditional ready, Inserted expressed sequence
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Genotype
Genotype
Symbol: Gt(ROSA)26Sor/Gt(ROSA)26Sor<+>
Background: involves: 129S6/SvEvTac
Zygosity: ht
Has Mutant Allele: true
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Genotype
Genotype
Symbol: Gt(ROSA)26Sor/Gt(ROSA)26Sor<+>
Background: involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * CD-1
Zygosity: cn
Has Mutant Allele: true
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Publication
7964634 | -
 
First Author: Xu J
Year: 1994
Journal: J Gen Virol
Title: Identification, sequencing and expression of the glycoprotein L gene of murine cytomegalovirus.
Volume: 75 ( Pt 11)
Pages: 3235-40
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Publication
10196283 | -
First Author: Huber MT
Year: 1999
Journal: J Virol
Title: Intracellular formation and processing of the heterotrimeric gH-gL-gO (gCIII) glycoprotein envelope complex of human cytomegalovirus.
Volume: 73
Issue: 5
Pages: 3886-92
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Publication
14517548 | -
First Author: Meng G
Year: 2003
Journal: Nat Struct Biol
Title: Structural framework of fructosyl transfer in Bacillus subtilis levansucrase.
Volume: 10
Issue: 11
Pages: 935-41
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Publication
18980579 | -
First Author: Vandermarliere E
Year: 2009
Journal: Biochem J
Title: Structural analysis of a glycoside hydrolase family 43 arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolase in complex with xylotetraose reveals a different binding mechanism compared with other members of the same family.
Volume: 418
Issue: 1
Pages: 39-47
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Publication
28669588 | -
First Author: Wilkens C
Year: 2017
Journal: Biotechnol Adv
Title: GH62 arabinofuranosidases: Structure, function and applications.
Volume: 35
Issue: 6
Pages: 792-804
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Publication
11562531 | -
First Author: Maruo S
Year: 2001
Journal: J Gen Virol
Title: Roles of Epstein-Barr virus glycoproteins gp350 and gp25 in the infection of human epithelial cells.
Volume: 82
Issue: Pt 10
Pages: 2373-83
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Publication
3888078 | -
 
First Author: Isaksson OG
Year: 1985
Journal: Annu Rev Physiol
Title: Mode of action of pituitary growth hormone on target cells.
Volume: 47
Pages: 483-99
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Protein Domain
IPR002689 | Cytomegalo_gL
Type: Family
Description: Glycoprotein L from Cytomegalovirus serves a chaperone for the correct folding and surface expression of glycoprotein H (gH) []. Glycoprotein L is a member of the heterotrimeric gCIII complex of glycoproteins which also includes gH and gO and has an essential role in viral fusion [].
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Protein Domain
IPR034708 | HSV_GL_alphagamma
Type: Family
Description: This entry includes envelope glycoprotein L (gL) from Herpesviruses. Glycoproteins H (gH) and L form a heterodimer which is required for the fusion of viral and plasma membranes enabling the virus to enter the host cell. In the complex, gH is inhibited until the complex binds to a host integrin and gL dissociates from the complex [].
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Protein Domain
IPR046653 | DUF6765
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is functionally uncharacterised. This family of proteins is found in bacteria and archaea. Proteins in this family are typically between 352 and 375 amino acids in length. It contains the conserved motifs FHFxxxP, GH and PD, and a conserved Phe residue at the C-terminal.
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Protein Domain
IPR034975 | Somatotropin
Type: Family
Description: Somatotropin, also known as growth hormone (GH), plays an important role in growth control. In addition to the growth-stimulating effect, GH is able to exert both insulin-like and insulin-antagonistic effects in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle []. The 3D structure of bovine somatotropin has been predicted using a combination of heuristics and energy minimisation [].
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Protein Domain
IPR023296 | Glyco_hydro_beta-prop_sf
Type: Homologous_superfamily
Description: This is a five-bladed β-propeller fold catalytic domain where each blade has four twisted antiparallel β-strands radially orientated around a pseudo-5-fold axis []. It can be found in the glycosyl hydrolase family 43 (GH43) members, including beta-xylosidases, alpha-L-arabinanases and bifunctional beta-xylosidases/alpha-L-arabinofuranosidases [, , ]. This domain can also be found in other GH families, such as GH32, GH62 and GH68 [].
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HT Experiment
E-MTAB-3774 | Hepatic Deletion of Janus Kinase 2 Counteracts Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Liver Cancer Formation in Growth Hormone Transgenic Mice
 
Experiment Type: transcription profiling by array
Study Type: WT vs. Mutant
Source: ArrayExpress
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HT Experiment
GSE234726 | Single cell transcriptomic representation of social dominance in prefrontal cortex and the influence of preweaning maternal and postweaning social environment
 
Experiment Type: RNA-Seq
Study Type: Baseline
Source: GEO
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Publication
11483998 | -
First Author: Inui A
Year: 2001
Journal: Nat Rev Neurosci
Title: Ghrelin: an orexigenic and somatotrophic signal from the stomach.
Volume: 2
Issue: 8
Pages: 551-60
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Protein Domain
IPR005441 | Preproghrelin
Type: Family
Description: Growth hormone (GH) is a pituitary hormone involved in cell and overall bodygrowth, carbohydrate-protein-lipid metabolism and osmotic homeostasis.Control of GH release was initially ascribed to 2 pathways: stimulation byhypothalamic GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) and inhibition by somatostatin.More recently, synthetic compounds, termed GH secretagogues (GHS), were shown to stimulate GH release strongly. This effect is elicited by an orphanG protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), subsequently named the GHS receptor(GHS-R). The endogenous ligand for this receptor was purified from rat andhuman stomach and named ghrelin [].The purified cDNA for ghrelin encodes a 117 amino acid prepropeptide. Thefirst 23 amino acid residues form a signal peptide that is cleaved to leaveproghrelin. Residues 24-51 are cleaved to yield active ghrelin, discardingthe C-terminal fragment []. The 28-residue ghrelin peptide that is left is biologically inactive. Esterification with n-octanoic acid at Ser3 is required for biological activity. Ghrelin mRNA is expressed mainly in thestomach in a distinct endocrine cell type in the submucosal layer, known asX/A-like cells. The active peptide is secreted into the bloodstream ratherthan the stomach. Ghrelin responsive cells are found in abundance in a limited area of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC), a region involved incontrol of food intake. As well as releasing GH indirectly via its action on the ARC region of the hypothalamus, ghrelin also appears to be able tostimulate GH release via direct action on the pituitary [].A further variant of the ghrelin peptide exists in rat stomach, des-Gln14-ghrelin. This is produced by alternative splicing and does not require theesterification by n-octanoic acid for biological activity. However, its presence in only small quantities in the stomach suggests ghrelin is themajor active form. The ghrelin active peptide and the GHS receptor sharesequence similarity with motilin and the motilin receptor, respectively, suggesting an evolutionary relationship.
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Publication
24574718 | J:243849
First Author: Ni YY
Year: 2014
Journal: World J Gastroenterol
Title: Deletion of Gpr128 results in weight loss and increased intestinal contraction frequency.
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Pages: 498-508
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Publication
26876177 | -
First Author: Lokau J
Year: 2016
Journal: Cell Rep
Title: Proteolytic Cleavage Governs Interleukin-11 Trans-signaling.
Volume: 14
Issue: 7
Pages: 1761-1773
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Publication
9697694 | J:48966
First Author: Letts VA
Year: 1998
Journal: Nat Genet
Title: The mouse stargazer gene encodes a neuronal Ca2+-channel gamma subunit.
Volume: 19
Issue: 4
Pages: 340-7
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Publication
12355089 | J:79564
First Author: Bond J
Year: 2002
Journal: Nat Genet
Title: ASPM is a major determinant of cerebral cortical size.
Volume: 32
Issue: 2
Pages: 316-20
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Publication
14632181 | J:85980
First Author: Peters T
Year: 2003
Journal: J Invest Dermatol
Title: Alopecia in a novel mouse model RCO3 is caused by mK6irs1 deficiency.
Volume: 121
Issue: 4
Pages: 674-80
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Publication
24487409 | J:208774
First Author: Kong XY
Year: 2014
Journal: Dis Model Mech
Title: Loss of lysosomal membrane protein NCU-G1 in mice results in spontaneous liver fibrosis with accumulation of lipofuscin and iron in Kupffer cells.
Volume: 7
Issue: 3
Pages: 351-62
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Publication
11209052 | J:67041
First Author: Steppan CM
Year: 2001
Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Title: A family of tissue-specific resistin-like molecules.
Volume: 98
Issue: 2
Pages: 502-6
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Publication
21063504 | -
First Author: Lin Z
Year: 2010
Journal: J Cell Commun Signal
Title: A novel role of CCN3 in regulating endothelial inflammation.
Volume: 4
Issue: 3
Pages: 141-53
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