| Type |
Details |
Score |
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:5829704 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2017-03-28 |
| Strength: |
Absent |
| Sex: |
Female |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:3273522 |
|
| Stage: |
TS22 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5829752 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 14.5 |
|
| Note: |
No staining was detected in the neural crest derivatives of the pelvic urethra. |
| Specimen Label: |
Supplemental Table E14.5 female |
| Detected: |
false |
| Specimen Num: |
8 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:5829704 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2017-03-28 |
| Strength: |
Moderate |
| Sex: |
Female |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:3610525 |
| Pattern: |
Not Specified |
| Stage: |
TS25 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5829752 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 17.5 |
|
|
| Specimen Label: |
Supplemental Table E17.5 female |
| Detected: |
true |
| Specimen Num: |
10 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:5829704 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2017-03-28 |
| Strength: |
Moderate |
| Sex: |
Female |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:3610528 |
| Pattern: |
Not Specified |
| Stage: |
TS28 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5829752 |
| Age: |
postnatal day 5 |
|
|
| Specimen Label: |
Supplemental Table P5 female |
| Detected: |
true |
| Specimen Num: |
12 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:3724949 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2012-06-12 |
| Strength: |
Weak |
| Sex: |
Not Specified |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:1756322 |
| Pattern: |
Regionally restricted |
| Stage: |
TS22 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5421600 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 14.5 |
| Image: |
MH1599; Specimen C1124 |
|
| Specimen Label: |
MH1599; Specimen C1124 |
| Detected: |
true |
| Specimen Num: |
1 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:5829704 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2017-03-28 |
| Strength: |
Absent |
| Sex: |
Female |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:3100328 |
|
| Stage: |
TS28 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5829752 |
| Age: |
postnatal day 5 |
|
|
| Specimen Label: |
Supplemental Table P5 female |
| Detected: |
false |
| Specimen Num: |
12 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:3724949 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2012-06-12 |
| Strength: |
Weak |
| Sex: |
Not Specified |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:1668822 |
| Pattern: |
Regionally restricted |
| Stage: |
TS22 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5421600 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 14.5 |
| Image: |
MH1599; Specimen C1124 |
|
| Specimen Label: |
MH1599; Specimen C1124 |
| Detected: |
true |
| Specimen Num: |
1 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:3724949 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2012-06-12 |
| Strength: |
Weak |
| Sex: |
Not Specified |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:1757722 |
| Pattern: |
Regionally restricted |
| Stage: |
TS22 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5421600 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 14.5 |
| Image: |
MH1599; Specimen C1124 |
|
| Specimen Label: |
MH1599; Specimen C1124 |
| Detected: |
true |
| Specimen Num: |
1 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:3724949 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2012-06-12 |
| Strength: |
Weak |
| Sex: |
Not Specified |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:1757522 |
| Pattern: |
Regionally restricted |
| Stage: |
TS22 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5421600 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 14.5 |
| Image: |
MH1599; Specimen C1124 |
|
| Specimen Label: |
MH1599; Specimen C1124 |
| Detected: |
true |
| Specimen Num: |
1 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:3724949 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2012-06-12 |
| Strength: |
Weak |
| Sex: |
Not Specified |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:1738322 |
| Pattern: |
Regionally restricted |
| Stage: |
TS22 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5421600 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 14.5 |
| Image: |
MH1599; Specimen C1124 |
|
| Specimen Label: |
MH1599; Specimen C1124 |
| Detected: |
true |
| Specimen Num: |
1 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:3724949 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2012-06-12 |
| Strength: |
Absent |
| Sex: |
Not Specified |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:1802422 |
|
| Stage: |
TS22 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5421600 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 14.5 |
|
|
| Specimen Label: |
MH1599; Specimen C1124 |
| Detected: |
false |
| Specimen Num: |
1 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:5829704 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2017-03-28 |
| Strength: |
Moderate |
| Sex: |
Male |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:3090322 |
| Pattern: |
Regionally restricted |
| Stage: |
TS22 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5829752 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 14.5 |
|
| Note: |
Medium expression was detected in the lamina propria and the muscularis propria. No staining was detected in the muscularis mucosa or submucosa. |
| Specimen Label: |
Supplemental Table E14.5 male |
| Detected: |
true |
| Specimen Num: |
7 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:5829704 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2017-03-28 |
| Strength: |
Moderate |
| Sex: |
Female |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:3090322 |
| Pattern: |
Regionally restricted |
| Stage: |
TS22 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5829752 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 14.5 |
|
| Note: |
Medium expression was detected in the lamina propria and the muscularis propria. No staining was detected in the muscularis mucosa or submucosa. |
| Specimen Label: |
Supplemental Table E14.5 female |
| Detected: |
true |
| Specimen Num: |
8 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:5829704 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2017-03-28 |
| Strength: |
Moderate |
| Sex: |
Male |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:2978625 |
| Pattern: |
Not Specified |
| Stage: |
TS25 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5829752 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 17.5 |
|
|
| Specimen Label: |
Supplemental Table E17.5 male |
| Detected: |
true |
| Specimen Num: |
9 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:5829704 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2017-03-28 |
| Strength: |
Moderate |
| Sex: |
Male |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:2978628 |
| Pattern: |
Not Specified |
| Stage: |
TS28 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5829752 |
| Age: |
postnatal day 5 |
|
|
| Specimen Label: |
Supplemental Table P5 male |
| Detected: |
true |
| Specimen Num: |
11 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:5829704 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2017-03-28 |
| Strength: |
Absent |
| Sex: |
Male |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:3226225 |
|
| Stage: |
TS25 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5829752 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 17.5 |
|
|
| Specimen Label: |
Supplemental Table E17.5 male |
| Detected: |
false |
| Specimen Num: |
9 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:5829704 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2017-03-28 |
| Strength: |
Absent |
| Sex: |
Male |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:3226228 |
|
| Stage: |
TS28 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5829752 |
| Age: |
postnatal day 5 |
|
|
| Specimen Label: |
Supplemental Table P5 male |
| Detected: |
false |
| Specimen Num: |
11 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:3724949 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2012-06-12 |
| Strength: |
Absent |
| Sex: |
Not Specified |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:1768022 |
|
| Stage: |
TS22 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5421600 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 14.5 |
|
| Note: |
Expression was not detected in the skull (base and vault). |
| Specimen Label: |
MH1599; Specimen C1124 |
| Detected: |
false |
| Specimen Num: |
1 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:5829704 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2017-03-28 |
| Strength: |
Absent |
| Sex: |
Male |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:3612625 |
|
| Stage: |
TS25 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5829752 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 17.5 |
|
|
| Specimen Label: |
Supplemental Table E17.5 male |
| Detected: |
false |
| Specimen Num: |
9 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:5829704 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2017-03-28 |
| Strength: |
Absent |
| Sex: |
Male |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:3612628 |
|
| Stage: |
TS28 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5829752 |
| Age: |
postnatal day 5 |
|
|
| Specimen Label: |
Supplemental Table P5 male |
| Detected: |
false |
| Specimen Num: |
11 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:3724949 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2012-06-12 |
| Strength: |
Absent |
| Sex: |
Not Specified |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:2672022 |
|
| Stage: |
TS22 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5421600 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 14.5 |
|
| Note: |
Expression was not detected in whisker follicle. |
| Specimen Label: |
MH1599; Specimen C1124 |
| Detected: |
false |
| Specimen Num: |
1 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:5829704 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2017-03-28 |
| Strength: |
Present |
| Sex: |
Female |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:3815322 |
| Pattern: |
Not Specified |
| Stage: |
TS22 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5829752 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 14.5 |
| Image: |
4V |
| Note: |
There were no noteworthy sex differences in staining within the lower urinary tract. |
| Specimen Label: |
4V |
| Detected: |
true |
| Specimen Num: |
4 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:5829704 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2017-03-28 |
| Strength: |
Present |
| Sex: |
Female |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:3816125 |
| Pattern: |
Not Specified |
| Stage: |
TS25 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5829752 |
| Age: |
embryonic day 17.5 |
| Image: |
4W |
| Note: |
There were no noteworthy sex differences in staining within the lower urinary tract. |
| Specimen Label: |
4W |
| Detected: |
true |
| Specimen Num: |
5 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| GXD Expression |
| Probe: |
MGI:5829704 |
| Assay Type: |
RNA in situ |
| Annotation Date: |
2017-03-28 |
| Strength: |
Ambiguous |
| Sex: |
Female |
| Emaps: |
EMAPS:3816128 |
| Pattern: |
Not Specified |
| Stage: |
TS28 |
| Assay Id: |
MGI:5829752 |
| Age: |
postnatal day 5 |
| Image: |
4X |
| Note: |
There were no noteworthy sex differences in staining within the lower urinary tract. |
| Specimen Label: |
4X |
|
| Specimen Num: |
6 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
International Committee on Standardized Genetic Nomenclature for Mice |
| Year: |
1993 |
|
| Title: |
Nomenclature rule change to delete hyphens and parentheses from mouse locus symbols |
|
|
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Mouse Genome Database and National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| Year: |
2000 |
| Journal: |
Database Release |
| Title: |
Entrez Gene Load |
|
|
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Allen Institute for Brain Science |
| Year: |
2004 |
| Journal: |
Allen Institute |
| Title: |
Allen Brain Atlas: mouse riboprobes |
|
|
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators |
| Year: |
2009 |
| Journal: |
Database Download |
| Title: |
Mouse Microarray Data Integration in Mouse Genome Informatics, the Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array Platform |
|
|
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) and The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) |
| Year: |
2010 |
| Journal: |
Database Download |
| Title: |
Consensus CDS project |
|
|
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Mouse Genome Informatics Group |
| Year: |
2003 |
| Journal: |
Database Procedure |
| Title: |
Automatic Encodes (AutoE) Reference |
|
|
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Bairoch A |
| Year: |
1999 |
| Journal: |
Database Release |
| Title: |
SWISS-PROT Annotated protein sequence database |
|
|
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators |
| Year: |
2005 |
|
| Title: |
Obtaining and Loading Genome Assembly Coordinates from Ensembl Annotations |
|
|
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators |
| Year: |
2002 |
|
| Title: |
Mouse Genome Informatics Computational Sequence to Gene Associations |
|
|
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators |
| Year: |
2010 |
| Journal: |
Database Download |
| Title: |
Mouse Microarray Data Integration in Mouse Genome Informatics, the Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Genome U74 Array Platform (A, B, C v2). |
|
|
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Mouse Genome Informatics |
| Year: |
2010 |
| Journal: |
Database Release |
| Title: |
Protein Ontology Association Load. |
|
|
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators |
| Year: |
2005 |
|
| Title: |
Obtaining and loading genome assembly coordinates from NCBI annotations |
|
|
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators |
| Year: |
2009 |
| Journal: |
Database Download |
| Title: |
Mouse Microarray Data Integration in Mouse Genome Informatics, the Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array Platform |
|
|
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators |
| Year: |
2003 |
|
| Title: |
MGI Sequence Curation Reference |
|
|
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Mouse Genome Informatics Scientific Curators |
| Year: |
2002 |
|
| Title: |
Chromosome assignment of mouse genes using the Mouse Genome Sequencing Consortium (MGSC) assembly and the ENSEMBL Database |
|
|
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Strausberg R |
| Year: |
2001 |
| Journal: |
GenBank Submission |
| Title: |
Mus musculus, clone MGC: 7002, mRNA, complete cds |
|
|
| Pages: |
BC003314 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Protein |
| Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
| Length: |
373
 |
| Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Protein |
| Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
| Length: |
373
 |
| Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Venkatesan S |
| Year: |
2021 |
| Journal: |
Cancer Discov |
| Title: |
Induction of APOBEC3 Exacerbates DNA Replication Stress and Chromosomal Instability in Early Breast and Lung Cancer Evolution. |
| Volume: |
11 |
| Issue: |
10 |
| Pages: |
2456-2473 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Okeoma CM |
| Year: |
2009 |
| Journal: |
J Virol |
| Title: |
Expression of murine APOBEC3 alleles in different mouse strains and their effect on mouse mammary tumor virus infection. |
| Volume: |
83 |
| Issue: |
7 |
| Pages: |
3029-38 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Kim DY |
| Year: |
2015 |
| Journal: |
Arch Pharm Res |
| Title: |
The assembly of Vif ubiquitin E3 ligase for APOBEC3 degradation. |
| Volume: |
38 |
| Issue: |
4 |
| Pages: |
435-45 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide 3; endonuclease-mediated mutation 2, Shanghai Model Organisms Center |
| Allele Type: |
Endonuclease-mediated |
| Attribute String: |
Null/knockout |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Strain |
| Attribute String: |
coisogenic, endonuclease-mediated mutation, mutant strain |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide 3; endonuclease-mediated mutation 1, Shanghai Model Organisms Center |
| Allele Type: |
Endonuclease-mediated |
| Attribute String: |
Conditional ready, No functional change |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Chiu YL |
| Year: |
2008 |
| Journal: |
Annu Rev Immunol |
| Title: |
The APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases: an innate defensive network opposing exogenous retroviruses and endogenous retroelements. |
| Volume: |
26 |
|
| Pages: |
317-53 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Phalora PK |
| Year: |
2012 |
| Journal: |
J Virol |
| Title: |
HIV-1 replication and APOBEC3 antiviral activity are not regulated by P bodies. |
| Volume: |
86 |
| Issue: |
21 |
| Pages: |
11712-24 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Strain |
| Attribute String: |
coisogenic, endonuclease-mediated mutation, mutant strain |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Swanton C |
| Year: |
2015 |
| Journal: |
Cancer Discov |
| Title: |
APOBEC Enzymes: Mutagenic Fuel for Cancer Evolution and Heterogeneity. |
| Volume: |
5 |
| Issue: |
7 |
| Pages: |
704-12 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Law EK |
| Year: |
2020 |
| Journal: |
J Exp Med |
| Title: |
APOBEC3A catalyzes mutation and drives carcinogenesis in vivo. |
| Volume: |
217 |
| Issue: |
12 |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Guy B |
| Year: |
1991 |
| Journal: |
J Virol |
| Title: |
A specific inhibitor of cysteine proteases impairs a Vif-dependent modification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Env protein. |
| Volume: |
65 |
| Issue: |
3 |
| Pages: |
1325-31 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Gabuzda DH |
| Year: |
1992 |
| Journal: |
J Virol |
| Title: |
Role of vif in replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in CD4+ T lymphocytes. |
| Volume: |
66 |
| Issue: |
11 |
| Pages: |
6489-95 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Fisher AG |
| Year: |
1987 |
| Journal: |
Science |
| Title: |
The sor gene of HIV-1 is required for efficient virus transmission in vitro. |
| Volume: |
237 |
| Issue: |
4817 |
| Pages: |
888-93 |
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| Publication |
| First Author: |
Pomerantz RJ |
| Year: |
2003 |
| Journal: |
Cell Mol Life Sci |
| Title: |
The HIV-1 Vif protein: a paradigm for viral:cell interactions. |
| Volume: |
60 |
| Issue: |
10 |
| Pages: |
2017-9 |
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| Publication |
| First Author: |
da Costa KS |
| Year: |
2014 |
| Journal: |
PLoS One |
| Title: |
Structural analysis of viral infectivity factor of HIV type 1 and its interaction with A3G, EloC and EloB. |
| Volume: |
9 |
| Issue: |
2 |
| Pages: |
e89116 |
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| Publication |
| First Author: |
Ball KA |
| Year: |
2019 |
| Journal: |
Biophys J |
| Title: |
Conformational Dynamics of the HIV-Vif Protein Complex. |
| Volume: |
116 |
| Issue: |
8 |
| Pages: |
1432-1445 |
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| Publication |
| First Author: |
Zhao Z |
| Year: |
2019 |
| Journal: |
Front Microbiol |
| Title: |
CAEV Vif Hijacks ElonginB/C, CYPA and Cullin5 to Assemble the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Complex Stepwise to Degrade oaA3Z2-Z3. |
| Volume: |
10 |
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| Pages: |
565 |
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| Protein Domain |
| Type: |
Family |
| Description: |
The virion infectivity factor (vif) is an accessory protein, which is essential for HIV replication in host cells. Vif of Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) affects the infectivity of virus particles []to T lymphocytes and macrophages (in some casesincreasing the infectivity of HIV-1 particles by 100- to 1000-fold), but has no direct effect on transcription, translation or virus release. Vif antibodies are found in the sera of patients at all levels of HIV-1 infection, indicating that vif is expressed in natural infections in vivo. Other lentiviruses, including Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV-cpz), Visna/Maedi virus, and Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), have vif open reading frames, suggestingvif plays an essential role during natural infections [].The expression of vif in BHK-21 cells has been shown to be linked to amodification of the C terminus of gp41env, which modification is inhibited by trans-epoxysuccinyl-L-leucylamido-(4-guanidio)butane (E64), a specific inhibitor of cysteine proteases []. Coupled with sequence analysis and the effects of point mutations in vif, it has been suggested that vif could be a cysteine protease. Virions produced in the absence of Vif have abnormal core morphology and those produced in primary T cells carry immature core proteins and low levels of mature capsid [].In humans, HIV-1 Vif hijacks cellular E3 ligase components containing CUL5, RBX2, ELOB, ELOC and CBFbeta, to poly-ubiquitinate antiviral cellular factors, APOBEC3 proteins [, , ]. In sheep and goats, Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) Vif is responsible for degradation of oaA3Z2-Z3 []. |
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| Publication |
| First Author: |
MacDuff DA |
| Year: |
2009 |
| Journal: |
Nucleic Acids Res |
| Title: |
AID can restrict L1 retrotransposition suggesting a dual role in innate and adaptive immunity. |
| Volume: |
37 |
| Issue: |
6 |
| Pages: |
1854-67 |
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| Publication |
| First Author: |
Ikeda T |
| Year: |
2011 |
| Journal: |
Nucleic Acids Res |
| Title: |
Intrinsic restriction activity by apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme APOBEC1 against the mobility of autonomous retrotransposons. |
| Volume: |
39 |
| Issue: |
13 |
| Pages: |
5538-54 |
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| Publication |
| First Author: |
Sakuma T |
| Year: |
2011 |
| Journal: |
J Virol |
| Title: |
Early events in retrovirus XMRV infection of the wild-derived mouse Mus pahari. |
| Volume: |
85 |
| Issue: |
3 |
| Pages: |
1205-13 |
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| Publication |
| First Author: |
Matsui Y |
| Year: |
2016 |
| Journal: |
J Biol Chem |
| Title: |
Core Binding Factor β Protects HIV, Type 1 Accessory Protein Viral Infectivity Factor from MDM2-mediated Degradation. |
| Volume: |
291 |
| Issue: |
48 |
| Pages: |
24892-24899 |
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| Publication |
| First Author: |
Caval V |
| Year: |
2019 |
| Journal: |
BMC Genomics |
| Title: |
Mouse APOBEC1 cytidine deaminase can induce somatic mutations in chromosomal DNA. |
| Volume: |
20 |
| Issue: |
1 |
| Pages: |
858 |
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| Publication |
| First Author: |
Wei Y |
| Year: |
2020 |
| Journal: |
PLoS One |
| Title: |
Coronavirus genomes carry the signatures of their habitats. |
| Volume: |
15 |
| Issue: |
12 |
| Pages: |
e0244025 |
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| Publication |
| First Author: |
Singh GB |
| Year: |
2019 |
| Journal: |
mBio |
| Title: |
A Protein Antagonist of Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase Encoded by a Complex Mouse Retrovirus. |
| Volume: |
10 |
| Issue: |
4 |
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| Publication |
| First Author: |
Bamunusinghe D |
| Year: |
2017 |
| Journal: |
J Virol |
| Title: |
Recombinant Origins of Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic Mouse Gammaretroviruses with Polytropic Host Range. |
| Volume: |
91 |
| Issue: |
21 |
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