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Search results 401 to 500 out of 524 for Cd14

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Type Details Score
Publication
First Author: Muroi M
Year: 2002
Journal: J Biol Chem
Title: Regions of the mouse CD14 molecule required for toll-like receptor 2- and 4-mediated activation of NF-kappa B.
Volume: 277
Issue: 44
Pages: 42372-9
Publication
First Author: Liu YH
Year: 2008
Journal: Genes Genet Syst
Title: Mosaic genealogy of the Mus musculus genome revealed by 21 nuclear genes from its three subspecies.
Volume: 83
Issue: 1
Pages: 77-88
CL Term
Publication
First Author: Vogl T
Year: 2007
Journal: Nat Med
Title: Mrp8 and Mrp14 are endogenous activators of Toll-like receptor 4, promoting lethal, endotoxin-induced shock.
Volume: 13
Issue: 9
Pages: 1042-9
Publication
First Author: Togayachi A
Year: 2007
Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Title: Polylactosamine on glycoproteins influences basal levels of lymphocyte and macrophage activation.
Volume: 104
Issue: 40
Pages: 15829-34
Publication
First Author: Imajo K
Year: 2012
Journal: Cell Metab
Title: Hyperresponsivity to low-dose endotoxin during progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is regulated by leptin-mediated signaling.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Pages: 44-54
Publication
First Author: Hasegawa T
Year: 2002
Journal: Int Immunopharmacol
Title: Toll-like receptor 2 is at least partly involved in the antitumor activity of glycoprotein from Chlorella vulgaris.
Volume: 2
Issue: 4
Pages: 579-89
Publication
First Author: Riddell JR
Year: 2010
Journal: J Immunol
Title: Peroxiredoxin 1 stimulates secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by binding to TLR4.
Volume: 184
Issue: 2
Pages: 1022-30
Publication
First Author: Jack RS
Year: 1997
Journal: Nature
Title: Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein is required to combat a murine gram-negative bacterial infection.
Volume: 389
Issue: 6652
Pages: 742-5
Publication
First Author: Mossman KL
Year: 2008
Journal: J Immunol
Title: Cutting edge: FimH adhesin of type 1 fimbriae is a novel TLR4 ligand.
Volume: 181
Issue: 10
Pages: 6702-6
Publication    
First Author: Yeo SK
Year: 2020
Journal: Elife
Title: Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals distinct patterns of cell state heterogeneity in mouse models of breast cancer.
Volume: 9
Publication
First Author: Choi SH
Year: 2012
Journal: PLoS One
Title: Spleen tyrosine kinase regulates AP-1 dependent transcriptional response to minimally oxidized LDL.
Volume: 7
Issue: 2
Pages: e32378
Publication
First Author: Nagai Y
Year: 2006
Journal: Immunity
Title: Toll-like receptors on hematopoietic progenitor cells stimulate innate immune system replenishment.
Volume: 24
Issue: 6
Pages: 801-12
Publication
First Author: Werts C
Year: 2001
Journal: Nat Immunol
Title: Leptospiral lipopolysaccharide activates cells through a TLR2-dependent mechanism.
Volume: 2
Issue: 4
Pages: 346-52
Publication
First Author: Aikawa T
Year: 2019
Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Title: ABCA7 haplodeficiency disturbs microglial immune responses in the mouse brain.
Volume: 116
Issue: 47
Pages: 23790-23796
Publication
First Author: Seifert L
Year: 2015
Journal: Cell Rep
Title: Dectin-1 Regulates Hepatic Fibrosis and Hepatocarcinogenesis by Suppressing TLR4 Signaling Pathways.
Volume: 13
Issue: 9
Pages: 1909-1921
Publication
First Author: Greco SH
Year: 2016
Journal: J Leukoc Biol
Title: Mincle suppresses Toll-like receptor 4 activation.
Volume: 100
Issue: 1
Pages: 185-94
Publication
First Author: Authier H
Year: 2008
Journal: Mol Immunol
Title: Interleukin-13 primes iNO synthase expression induced by LPS in mouse peritoneal macrophages.
Volume: 45
Issue: 1
Pages: 235-43
Publication
First Author: Wu Q
Year: 2017
Journal: Sci Rep
Title: Expression and anti-inflammatory role of activin receptor-interacting protein 2 in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 10306
Publication
First Author: Tan Y
Year: 2015
Journal: Immunity
Title: Mechanisms of Toll-like Receptor 4 Endocytosis Reveal a Common Immune-Evasion Strategy Used by Pathogenic and Commensal Bacteria.
Volume: 43
Issue: 5
Pages: 909-22
Protein Domain
Type: Domain
Description: This entry represents the second carboxypeptidase (CP)-like domain of carboxypeptidase D (CPD; EC 3.4.17.22; MEROPS M14.016).Carboxypeptidase D (CPD) differs from all other metallocarboxypeptidases in that it contains multiple CP-like domains []. CPD belongs to the N/E-like subfamily (subfamily M14B) of the M14 family of metallocarboxypeptidases (MCPs) []. CPD is a single-chain protein containing a signal peptide, three tandem repeats of CP-like domains separated by short bridge regions, followed by a transmembrane domain, and a C-terminal cytosolic tail. The first two CP-like domains of CPD contain all of the essential active site and substrate-binding residues, while the third CP-like domain lacks critical residues necessary for enzymatic activity and is inactive towards standard CP substrates. Domain I is optimally active at pH 6.3-7.5 and prefers substrates with C-terminal Arg, whereas domain II is active at pH 5.0-6.5 and prefers substrates with C-terminal Lys [, , ]. CPD functions in the processing of proteins that transit the secretory pathway, and is present in all vertebrates as well as Drosophila[]. It is broadly distributed in all tissue types. Within cells, CPD is present in the trans-Golgi network and immature secretory vesicles, but is excluded from mature vesicles []. It is thought to play a role in the processing of proteins that are initially processed by furin or related endopeptidases present in the trans-Golgi network, such as growth factors and receptors []. CPD is implicated in the pathogenesis of lupus erythematosus (LE), it is regulated by TGF-beta in various cell types of murine and human origin and is significantly down-regulated in CD14 positive cells isolated from patients with LE. As down-regulation of CPD leads to down-modulation of TGF-beta, CPD may have a role in a positive feedback loop [].The carboxypeptidase A family can be divided into four subfamilies: M14A(carboxypeptidase A or digestive), M14B (carboxypeptidase H or regulatory), M14C (gamma-D-glutamyl-L-diamino acid peptidase I) and M14D (AGTPBP-1/Nna1-like proteins) [, ]. Members of subfamily M14B have longer C-termini than those of subfamily M14A [], and carboxypeptidase M (a member of the H family) is bound to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor, unlike the majority of the M14 family, which are soluble []. The zinc ligands have been determined as two histidines and a glutamate,and the catalytic residue has been identified as a C-terminal glutamate,but these do not form the characteristic metalloprotease HEXXH motif [, ]. Members of the carboxypeptidase A family are synthesised as inactive molecules with propeptides that must be cleaved to activate the enzyme. Structural studies of carboxypeptidases A and B reveal the propeptide to exist as a globular domain, followed by an extended α-helix; this shields the catalytic site, without specifically binding to it, while the substrate-binding site is blocked by making specific contacts [, ].
Publication
First Author: Gomis-Rüth FX
Year: 1999
Journal: EMBO J
Title: Crystal structure of avian carboxypeptidase D domain II: a prototype for the regulatory metallocarboxypeptidase subfamily.
Volume: 18
Issue: 21
Pages: 5817-26
Publication
First Author: Aloy P
Year: 2001
Journal: J Biol Chem
Title: The crystal structure of the inhibitor-complexed carboxypeptidase D domain II and the modeling of regulatory carboxypeptidases.
Volume: 276
Issue: 19
Pages: 16177-84
Publication
First Author: Sidyelyeva G
Year: 2010
Journal: Cell Mol Life Sci
Title: Individual carboxypeptidase D domains have both redundant and unique functions in Drosophila development and behavior.
Volume: 67
Issue: 17
Pages: 2991-3004
Publication
First Author: Hoff NP
Year: 2007
Journal: J Clin Immunol
Title: Carboxypeptidase D: a novel TGF-beta target gene dysregulated in patients with lupus erythematosus.
Volume: 27
Issue: 6
Pages: 568-79
Publication
First Author: Varlamov O
Year: 2001
Journal: J Cell Sci
Title: Protein phosphatase 2A binds to the cytoplasmic tail of carboxypeptidase D and regulates post-trans-Golgi network trafficking.
Volume: 114
Issue: Pt 2
Pages: 311-22
Publication
First Author: Keck S
Year: 2010
Journal: J Immunol
Title: Activation of murine macrophages via TLR2 and TLR4 is negatively regulated by a Lyn/PI3K module and promoted by SHIP1.
Volume: 184
Issue: 10
Pages: 5809-18
Publication
First Author: Brun P
Year: 2007
Journal: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
Title: Increased intestinal permeability in obese mice: new evidence in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
Volume: 292
Issue: 2
Pages: G518-25
Publication
First Author: Sherry CL
Year: 2007
Journal: J Immunol
Title: Augmented lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha production by peritoneal macrophages in type 2 diabetic mice is dependent on elevated glucose and requires p38 MAPK.
Volume: 178
Issue: 2
Pages: 663-70
Publication
First Author: Spiller S
Year: 2007
Journal: J Biol Chem
Title: Cellular recognition of trimyristoylated peptide or enterobacterial lipopolysaccharide via both TLR2 and TLR4.
Volume: 282
Issue: 18
Pages: 13190-8
Publication
First Author: Sinningen K
Year: 2013
Journal: Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Title: Monocytic expression of osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR) is induced in atherosclerotic mice and regulated by oxidized low-density lipoprotein in vitro.
Volume: 437
Issue: 2
Pages: 314-8
Publication
First Author: Waidmann M
Year: 2003
Journal: Gastroenterology
Title: Bacteroides vulgatus protects against Escherichia coli-induced colitis in gnotobiotic interleukin-2-deficient mice.
Volume: 125
Issue: 1
Pages: 162-77
Publication
First Author: Tieu BC
Year: 2009
Journal: J Clin Invest
Title: An adventitial IL-6/MCP1 amplification loop accelerates macrophage-mediated vascular inflammation leading to aortic dissection in mice.
Volume: 119
Issue: 12
Pages: 3637-51
Publication
First Author: Koedel U
Year: 2003
Journal: J Immunol
Title: Toll-like receptor 2 participates in mediation of immune response in experimental pneumococcal meningitis.
Volume: 170
Issue: 1
Pages: 438-44
Publication
First Author: Whitaker SM
Year: 2008
Journal: Infect Immun
Title: Leishmania pifanoi proteoglycolipid complex P8 induces macrophage cytokine production through Toll-like receptor 4.
Volume: 76
Issue: 5
Pages: 2149-56
Publication
First Author: Abel B
Year: 2002
Journal: J Immunol
Title: Toll-like receptor 4 expression is required to control chronic Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice.
Volume: 169
Issue: 6
Pages: 3155-62
Publication
First Author: Curran CS
Year: 2006
Journal: Cell Immunol
Title: Lactoferrin activates macrophages via TLR4-dependent and -independent signaling pathways.
Volume: 242
Issue: 1
Pages: 23-30
Publication
First Author: Komai-Koma M
Year: 2009
Journal: Eur J Immunol
Title: Direct recognition of LPS by human but not murine CD8+ T cells via TLR4 complex.
Volume: 39
Issue: 6
Pages: 1564-72
Publication
First Author: Oliveira AC
Year: 2004
Journal: J Immunol
Title: Expression of functional TLR4 confers proinflammatory responsiveness to Trypanosoma cruzi glycoinositolphospholipids and higher resistance to infection with T. cruzi.
Volume: 173
Issue: 9
Pages: 5688-96
Publication
First Author: Heinrich JM
Year: 2001
Journal: J Immunol
Title: The essential role of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein in protection of mice against a peritoneal Salmonella infection involves the rapid induction of an inflammatory response.
Volume: 167
Issue: 3
Pages: 1624-8
Publication
First Author: Kobayashi Y
Year: 2000
Journal: J Pathol
Title: Role of macrophage scavenger receptor in endotoxin shock.
Volume: 192
Issue: 2
Pages: 263-72
Publication
First Author: Wurfel MM
Year: 1997
Journal: J Exp Med
Title: Targeted deletion of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein gene leads to profound suppression of LPS responses ex vivo, whereas in vivo responses remain intact.
Volume: 186
Issue: 12
Pages: 2051-6
Publication
First Author: Darveau RP
Year: 2004
Journal: Infect Immun
Title: Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide contains multiple lipid A species that functionally interact with both toll-like receptors 2 and 4.
Volume: 72
Issue: 9
Pages: 5041-51
Publication
First Author: Shiratsuchi A
Year: 2004
Journal: J Immunol
Title: Inhibitory effect of Toll-like receptor 4 on fusion between phagosomes and endosomes/lysosomes in macrophages.
Volume: 172
Issue: 4
Pages: 2039-47
Publication
First Author: Wei C
Year: 2024
Journal: Nature
Title: Brain endothelial GSDMD activation mediates inflammatory BBB breakdown.
Volume: 629
Issue: 8013
Pages: 893-900
Publication
First Author: Espinassous Q
Year: 2009
Journal: J Immunol
Title: IL-33 enhances lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory cytokine production from mouse macrophages by regulating lipopolysaccharide receptor complex.
Volume: 183
Issue: 2
Pages: 1446-55
Publication
First Author: Kono H
Year: 2000
Journal: J Clin Invest
Title: NADPH oxidase-derived free radicals are key oxidants in alcohol-induced liver disease.
Volume: 106
Issue: 7
Pages: 867-72
Publication  
First Author: Wegiel B
Year: 2014
Journal: Cell Death Dis
Title: Heme oxygenase-1 derived carbon monoxide permits maturation of myeloid cells.
Volume: 5
Pages: e1139
Publication
First Author: Ma CY
Year: 2012
Journal: J Immunol
Title: Monocytic thrombomodulin triggers LPS- and gram-negative bacteria-induced inflammatory response.
Volume: 188
Issue: 12
Pages: 6328-37
Publication
First Author: Wu F
Year: 2007
Journal: J Biol Chem
Title: A novel role of the lumican core protein in bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced innate immune response.
Volume: 282
Issue: 36
Pages: 26409-17
Publication
First Author: Jiao H
Year: 2013
Journal: J Immunol
Title: Caveolin-1 Tyr14 phosphorylation induces interaction with TLR4 in endothelial cells and mediates MyD88-dependent signaling and sepsis-induced lung inflammation.
Volume: 191
Issue: 12
Pages: 6191-9
Publication
First Author: Tsai TH
Year: 2018
Journal: J Cell Mol Med
Title: Deletion of caveolin-1 attenuates LPS/GalN-induced acute liver injury in mice.
Volume: 22
Issue: 11
Pages: 5573-5582
Publication
First Author: Jin Y
Year: 2013
Journal: PLoS One
Title: Statins decrease lung inflammation in mice by upregulating tetraspanin CD9 in macrophages.
Volume: 8
Issue: 9
Pages: e73706
Publication
First Author: Schauber J
Year: 2007
Journal: J Clin Invest
Title: Injury enhances TLR2 function and antimicrobial peptide expression through a vitamin D-dependent mechanism.
Volume: 117
Issue: 3
Pages: 803-11
Publication
First Author: Letiembre M
Year: 2009
Journal: Neurobiol Aging
Title: Screening of innate immune receptors in neurodegenerative diseases: a similar pattern.
Volume: 30
Issue: 5
Pages: 759-68
Publication
First Author: Maeda Y
Year: 2016
Journal: Cancer Prev Res (Phila)
Title: Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 Signaling in Bone Marrow-Derived Cells Promotes Gastric Tumorigenesis by Generation of Inflammatory Microenvironment.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Pages: 253-63
Publication
First Author: Jenke A
Year: 2014
Journal: Basic Res Cardiol
Title: Adiponectin promotes coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis by suppression of acute anti-viral immune responses.
Volume: 109
Issue: 3
Pages: 408
Publication
First Author: Zhao W
Year: 2016
Journal: FASEB J
Title: CX3CR1 deficiency delays acute skeletal muscle injury repair by impairing macrophage functions.
Volume: 30
Issue: 1
Pages: 380-93
Publication  
First Author: Marongiu L
Year: 2021
Journal: Sci Signal
Title: Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase B promotes Ca2+ mobilization and the inflammatory activity of dendritic cells.
Volume: 14
Issue: 676
Publication
First Author: Cho JA
Year: 2018
Journal: Eur J Immunol
Title: Cardiolipin activates antigen-presenting cells via TLR2-PI3K-PKN1-AKT/p38-NF-kB signaling to prime antigen-specific naïve T cells in mice.
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Pages: 777-790
Publication
First Author: Martin E
Year: 2017
Journal: Aging Cell
Title: Distinct inflammatory phenotypes of microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages in Alzheimer's disease models: effects of aging and amyloid pathology.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Pages: 27-38
Publication  
First Author: Ardestani PM
Year: 2017
Journal: Neuropharmacology
Title: Modulation of neuroinflammation and pathology in the 5XFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease using a biased and selective beta-1 adrenergic receptor partial agonist.
Volume: 116
Pages: 371-386
Publication
First Author: Fujimura T
Year: 2023
Journal: Stem Cells
Title: Identifying a Lung Stem Cell Subpopulation by Combining Single-Cell Morphometrics, Organoid Culture, and Transcriptomics.
Volume: 41
Issue: 8
Pages: 809-820
Publication  
First Author: Liebold I
Year: 2023
Journal: Cells
Title: TREM2 Regulates the Removal of Apoptotic Cells and Inflammatory Processes during the Progression of NAFLD.
Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Publication  
First Author: Kurabi A
Year: 2022
Journal: Front Genet
Title: The ECRG4 cleavage product augurin binds the endotoxin receptor and influences the innate immune response during otitis media.
Volume: 13
Pages: 932555
Publication
First Author: Mikulin JA
Year: 2021
Journal: Cytometry A
Title: A simplified method for separating renal MPCs using SLAMF9.
Volume: 99
Issue: 12
Pages: 1209-1217
Publication
First Author: Zhang J
Year: 2003
Journal: J Cancer Res Clin Oncol
Title: Cloning and functional characterization of GMPR2, a novel human guanosine monophosphate reductase, which promotes the monocytic differentiation of HL-60 leukemia cells.
Volume: 129
Issue: 2
Pages: 76-83
Publication
First Author: Togbe D
Year: 2007
Journal: Int J Exp Pathol
Title: Toll-like receptor and tumour necrosis factor dependent endotoxin-induced acute lung injury.
Volume: 88
Issue: 6
Pages: 387-91
Publication
First Author: Jaspers M
Year: 1991
Journal: Somat Cell Mol Genet
Title: Localization of the gene encoding the alpha 2 subunit of the human VLA-2 receptor to chromosome 5q23-31.
Volume: 17
Issue: 5
Pages: 505-11
Publication
First Author: Thiéblemont N
Year: 1997
Journal: J Exp Med
Title: Mice genetically hyporesponsive to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exhibit a defect in endocytic uptake of LPS and ceramide.
Volume: 185
Issue: 12
Pages: 2095-100
Publication
First Author: Sánchez C
Year: 1999
Journal: J Immunol
Title: The porcine 2A10 antigen is homologous to human CD163 and related to macrophage differentiation.
Volume: 162
Issue: 9
Pages: 5230-7
Publication
First Author: Ji C
Year: 2003
Journal: Gastroenterology
Title: Betaine decreases hyperhomocysteinemia, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and liver injury in alcohol-fed mice.
Volume: 124
Issue: 5
Pages: 1488-99
Publication
First Author: Huber M
Year: 2006
Journal: Eur J Immunol
Title: R-form LPS, the master key to the activation ofTLR4/MD-2-positive cells.
Volume: 36
Issue: 3
Pages: 701-11
Publication
First Author: Li Y
Year: 2008
Journal: Eur J Pharmacol
Title: Human ApoA-I overexpression diminishes LPS-induced systemic inflammation and multiple organ damage in mice.
Volume: 590
Issue: 1-3
Pages: 417-22
Publication
First Author: Hollenbach M
Year: 2008
Journal: Biochem Pharmacol
Title: Ethyl pyruvate and ethyl lactate down-regulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulate expression of immune receptors.
Volume: 76
Issue: 5
Pages: 631-44
Publication
First Author: Suzuki M
Year: 2009
Journal: J Immunol
Title: Tetraspanin CD9 negatively regulates lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage activation and lung inflammation.
Volume: 182
Issue: 10
Pages: 6485-93
Publication
First Author: Vasl J
Year: 2009
Journal: J Immunol
Title: Novel roles of lysines 122, 125, and 58 in functional differences between human and murine MD-2.
Volume: 183
Issue: 8
Pages: 5138-45
Publication
First Author: Geiger-Maor A
Year: 2012
Journal: J Immunol
Title: Cells exposed to sublethal oxidative stress selectively attract monocytes/macrophages via scavenger receptors and MyD88-mediated signaling.
Volume: 188
Issue: 3
Pages: 1234-44
Publication
First Author: Roberts K
Year: 2013
Journal: Glia
Title: Extracellular aggregated Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase activates microglia to give a cytotoxic phenotype.
Volume: 61
Issue: 3
Pages: 409-19
Publication
First Author: Shao H
Year: 2013
Journal: PLoS One
Title: Extracellular matrix protein lumican promotes clearance and resolution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis in a mouse model.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Pages: e54765
Publication
First Author: Li HH
Year: 2012
Journal: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol
Title: WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein 1 contributes to ventilator-induced lung injury.
Volume: 47
Issue: 4
Pages: 528-35
Publication
First Author: Naskar D
Year: 2014
Journal: J Immunol
Title: Wnt5a-Rac1-NF-κB homeostatic circuitry sustains innate immune functions in macrophages.
Volume: 192
Issue: 9
Pages: 4386-97
Publication
First Author: Fu Y
Year: 2014
Journal: Biochim Biophys Acta
Title: Glycyrrhizin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response by reducing TLR4 recruitment into lipid rafts in RAW264.7 cells.
Volume: 1840
Issue: 6
Pages: 1755-64
Publication  
First Author: Kunda PE
Year: 2014
Journal: Neuroscience
Title: Lipopolysaccharides and trophic factors regulate the LPS receptor complex in nodose and trigeminal neurons.
Volume: 280
Pages: 60-72
Publication
First Author: Kuo WT
Year: 2016
Journal: Cancer Res
Title: Eritoran Suppresses Colon Cancer by Altering a Functional Balance in Toll-like Receptors That Bind Lipopolysaccharide.
Volume: 76
Issue: 16
Pages: 4684-95
Publication
First Author: Zhou DX
Year: 2017
Journal: PLoS One
Title: The effect of alcohol on the differential expression of cluster of differentiation 14 gene, associated pathways, and genetic network.
Volume: 12
Issue: 6
Pages: e0178689
Publication
First Author: Xu L
Year: 2016
Journal: PLoS One
Title: Critical Role of Kupffer Cell CD89 Expression in Experimental IgA Nephropathy.
Volume: 11
Issue: 7
Pages: e0159426
Publication
First Author: Yin C
Year: 2020
Journal: Mucosal Immunol
Title: Regulatory role of Gpr84 in the switch of alveolar macrophages from CD11blo to CD11bhi status during lung injury process.
Volume: 13
Issue: 6
Pages: 892-907
Publication  
First Author: Boyce M
Year: 2022
Journal: Cells
Title: Microglia-Neutrophil Interactions Drive Dry AMD-like Pathology in a Mouse Model.
Volume: 11
Issue: 22
HT Experiment
Series Id: GSE2172
Experiment Type: transcription profiling by array
Study Type: WT vs. Mutant
Source: ArrayExpress
Protein Domain
Type: Domain
Description: This entry represents the third carboxypeptidase (CP)-like domain of Carboxypeptidase D (CPD; MEROPS identifier XM14.001; EC 3.4.17.22)(MEROPS identifier M14.950). Carboxypeptidase D (CPD) differs from all other metallocarboxypeptidases in that it contains multiple CP-like domains []. CPD belongs to the N/E-like subfamily (subfamily M14B) of the M14 family of metallocarboxypeptidases (MCPs) []. CPD is a single-chain protein containing a signal peptide, three tandem repeats of CP-like domains separated by short bridge regions, followed by a transmembrane domain, and a C-terminal cytosolic tail. The first two CP-like domains of CPD contain all of the essential active site and substrate-binding residues, while the third CP-like domain lacks critical residues necessary for enzymatic activity and is inactive towards standard CP substrates. Domain I is optimally active at pH 6.3-7.5 and prefers substrates with C-terminal Arg, whereas domain II is active at pH 5.0-6.5 and prefers substrates with C-terminal Lys [, , ]. CPD functions in the processing of proteins that transit the secretory pathway, and is present in all vertebrates as well as Drosophila[]. It is broadly distributed in all tissue types. Within cells, CPD is present in the trans-Golgi network and immature secretory vesicles, but is excluded from mature vesicles []. It is thought to play a role in the processing of proteins that are initially processed by furin or related endopeptidases present in the trans-Golgi network, such as growth factors and receptors []. CPD is implicated in the pathogenesis of lupus erythematosus (LE), it is regulated by TGF-beta in various cell types of murine and human origin and is significantly down-regulated in CD14 positive cells isolated from patients with LE. As down-regulation of CPD leads to down-modulation of TGF-beta, CPD may have a role in a positive feedback loop [].The carboxypeptidase A family can be divided into four subfamilies: M14A(carboxypeptidase A or digestive), M14B (carboxypeptidase H or regulatory), M14C (gamma-D-glutamyl-L-diamino acid peptidase I) and M14D (AGTPBP-1/Nna1-like proteins) [, ]. Members of subfamily M14B have longer C-termini than those of subfamily M14A [], and carboxypeptidase M (a member of the H family) is bound to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor, unlike the majority of the M14 family, which are soluble []. The zinc ligands have been determined as two histidines and a glutamate,and the catalytic residue has been identified as a C-terminal glutamate,but these do not form the characteristic metalloprotease HEXXH motif [, ]. Members of the carboxypeptidase A family are synthesised as inactive molecules with propeptides that must be cleaved to activate the enzyme. Structural studies of carboxypeptidases A and B reveal the propeptide to exist as a globular domain, followed by an extended α-helix; this shields the catalytic site, without specifically binding to it, while the substrate-binding site is blocked by making specific contacts [, ].
Publication
First Author: Novikova EG
Year: 1999
Journal: J Biol Chem
Title: Characterization of the enzymatic properties of the first and second domains of metallocarboxypeptidase D.
Volume: 274
Issue: 41
Pages: 28887-92
Publication  
First Author: Tan F
Year: 1997
Journal: Biochem J
Title: Sequence of human carboxypeptidase D reveals it to be a member of the regulatory carboxypeptidase family with three tandem active site domains.
Volume: 327 ( Pt 1)
Pages: 81-7
Publication
First Author: Varlamov O
Year: 1999
Journal: J Biol Chem
Title: Localization of metallocarboxypeptidase D in AtT-20 cells. Potential role in prohormone processing.
Volume: 274
Issue: 21
Pages: 14759-67
Publication
First Author: Gadaleta RM
Year: 2011
Journal: Gut
Title: Farnesoid X receptor activation inhibits inflammation and preserves the intestinal barrier in inflammatory bowel disease.
Volume: 60
Issue: 4
Pages: 463-72
Publication  
First Author: Ahn W
Year: 2024
Journal: Redox Biol
Title: Activation of receptor-independent fluid-phase pinocytosis promotes foamy monocyte formation in atherosclerotic mice.
Volume: 78
Pages: 103423
Publication
First Author: Meijssen MA
Year: 1998
Journal: Am J Physiol
Title: Alteration of gene expression by intestinal epithelial cells precedes colitis in interleukin-2-deficient mice.
Volume: 274
Issue: 3 Pt 1
Pages: G472-9
Publication
First Author: Campos MA
Year: 2004
Journal: Infect Immun
Title: Role of Toll-like receptor 4 in induction of cell-mediated immunity and resistance to Brucella abortus infection in mice.
Volume: 72
Issue: 1
Pages: 176-86
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First Author: Meng F
Year: 1997
Journal: J Exp Med
Title: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage activation and signal transduction in the absence of Src-family kinases Hck, Fgr, and Lyn.
Volume: 185
Issue: 9
Pages: 1661-70
Publication  
First Author: Hoogland ICM
Year: 2022
Journal: Neurosci Lett
Title: Microglial response in triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) knock-out mice after systemic stimulation with Escherichia coli.
Volume: 790
Pages: 136894