| Type |
Details |
Score |
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap OST407337, Lexicon Genetics |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap OST420783, Lexicon Genetics |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap OST423990, Lexicon Genetics |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap OST426408, Lexicon Genetics |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap OST432802, Lexicon Genetics |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap OST440600, Lexicon Genetics |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap OST454838, Lexicon Genetics |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap OST454844, Lexicon Genetics |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap 37v-34, Yasumasa Ishida |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; endonuclease-mediated mutation 1, Jackson |
| Allele Type: |
Endonuclease-mediated |
| Attribute String: |
Null/knockout |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; endonuclease-mediated mutation 2, Cyagen Biosciences |
| Allele Type: |
Endonuclease-mediated |
| Attribute String: |
Conditional ready, No functional change |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Yao Y |
| Year: |
2019 |
| Journal: |
Pulm Pharmacol Ther |
| Title: |
SUMOylation of Vps34 by SUMO1 promotes phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells by activating autophagy in pulmonary arterial hypertension. |
| Volume: |
55 |
|
| Pages: |
38-49 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Saracco SA |
| Year: |
2007 |
| Journal: |
Plant Physiol |
| Title: |
Genetic analysis of SUMOylation in Arabidopsis: conjugation of SUMO1 and SUMO2 to nuclear proteins is essential. |
| Volume: |
145 |
| Issue: |
1 |
| Pages: |
119-34 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap M093B03, German Gene Trap Consortium |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap M093B02, German Gene Trap Consortium |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap M093F01, German Gene Trap Consortium |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap M093C02, German Gene Trap Consortium |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap CB0367, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap PST26029, Mammalian Functional Genomics Centre |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap E306E10, German Gene Trap Consortium |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap E154E07, German Gene Trap Consortium |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Strain |
| Attribute String: |
mutant stock, gene trap |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap W184E01, German Gene Trap Consortium |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap EUCE00103a05, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen GmbH |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap EUCE0167d10, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen GmbH |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap EUCE00146h06, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen GmbH |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap EUCE00108a09, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen GmbH |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap EUCE0061a06, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen GmbH |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap EUCE00133f09, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen GmbH |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap EUCJ0008b10, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen GmbH |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap EUCJ0062a02, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen GmbH |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap 512B1, Centre for Modeling Human Disease |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap 344A2, Centre for Modeling Human Disease |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap 311C02, Centre for Modeling Human Disease |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; targeted mutation 1a, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen GmbH |
| Allele Type: |
Targeted |
| Attribute String: |
Conditional ready, Null/knockout, Reporter |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; targeted mutation 1e, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen GmbH |
| Allele Type: |
Targeted |
| Attribute String: |
Null/knockout, Reporter |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap IST14056E1, Texas A&M Institute for Genomic Medicine |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; gene trap IST14393C1, Texas A&M Institute for Genomic Medicine |
| Allele Type: |
Gene trapped |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Strain |
| Attribute String: |
coisogenic |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Strain |
| Attribute String: |
coisogenic, endonuclease-mediated mutation, mutant strain |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1; endonuclease-mediated mutation 3, GemPharmatech Co., Ltd |
| Allele Type: |
Endonuclease-mediated |
| Attribute String: |
Null/knockout |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Strain |
| Attribute String: |
coisogenic, endonuclease-mediated mutation, mutant strain |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Genotype |
| Symbol: |
Sae1/Sae1 |
| Background: |
C57BL/6NJ-Sae1/J |
| Zygosity: |
hm |
| Has Mutant Allele: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Kanemaru A |
| Year: |
2013 |
| Journal: |
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem |
| Title: |
High-yield expression of mouse Aos1-Uba2-fusion SUMO-activating enzyme, mAU, in a baculovirus-insect cell system. |
| Volume: |
77 |
| Issue: |
7 |
| Pages: |
1575-8 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Interaction Experiment |
| Description: |
TOPORS, a Dual E3 Ubiquitin and Sumo1 Ligase, Interacts with 26 S Protease Regulatory Subunit 4, Encoded by the PSMC1 Gene. |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
small ubiquitin-like modifier 1; endonuclease-mediated mutation 1, Shanghai Model Organisms Center |
| Allele Type: |
Endonuclease-mediated |
| Attribute String: |
Conditional ready, No functional change |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Genotype |
| Symbol: |
Sae1/Sae1<+> |
| Background: |
C57BL/6NJ-Sae1/J |
| Zygosity: |
ht |
| Has Mutant Allele: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Ban R |
| Year: |
2011 |
| Journal: |
Genes Cells |
| Title: |
Mitotic kinase Aurora-B is regulated by SUMO-2/3 conjugation/deconjugation during mitosis. |
| Volume: |
16 |
| Issue: |
6 |
| Pages: |
652-69 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Czub B |
| Year: |
2016 |
| Journal: |
PLoS One |
| Title: |
TOPORS, a Dual E3 Ubiquitin and Sumo1 Ligase, Interacts with 26 S Protease Regulatory Subunit 4, Encoded by the PSMC1 Gene. |
| Volume: |
11 |
| Issue: |
2 |
| Pages: |
e0148678 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Protein Coding Gene |
| Type: |
protein_coding_gene |
| Organism: |
mouse, laboratory |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Uchimura Y |
| Year: |
2004 |
| Journal: |
FEBS Lett |
| Title: |
Generation of SUMO-1 modified proteins in E. coli: towards understanding the biochemistry/structural biology of the SUMO-1 pathway. |
| Volume: |
564 |
| Issue: |
1-2 |
| Pages: |
85-90 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
small ubiquitin-like modifier 1; targeted mutation 1.1, Nils Brose |
| Allele Type: |
Targeted |
| Attribute String: |
Null/knockout, Reporter |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
transgene insertion 27, Wei Yang |
| Allele Type: |
Transgenic |
| Attribute String: |
Knockdown, Reporter |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Strain |
| Attribute String: |
congenic, mutant strain, transgenic |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Genotype |
| Symbol: |
Sumo1/Sumo1 |
| Background: |
involves: 129 * FVB/N |
| Zygosity: |
hm |
| Has Mutant Allele: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Genotype |
| Symbol: |
Tg(Thy1-EGFP/RNAi:Sumo3/RNAi:Sumo2/RNAi:Sumo1)27Weiy/? |
| Background: |
involves: C57BL/6 * FVB/N |
| Zygosity: |
ot |
| Has Mutant Allele: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Allele |
| Name: |
transgene insertion 10, Wei Yang |
| Allele Type: |
Transgenic |
| Attribute String: |
Conditional ready, Epitope tag, Inserted expressed sequence, Reporter |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Shimshon L |
| Year: |
2011 |
| Journal: |
FEBS Lett |
| Title: |
SUMOylation of Blimp-1 promotes its proteasomal degradation. |
| Volume: |
585 |
| Issue: |
15 |
| Pages: |
2405-9 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Strain |
| Attribute String: |
transgenic, mutant strain, congenic |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Yang W |
| Year: |
2014 |
| Journal: |
Stroke |
| Title: |
Small ubiquitin-like modifier 3-modified proteome regulated by brain ischemia in novel small ubiquitin-like modifier transgenic mice: putative protective proteins/pathways. |
| Volume: |
45 |
| Issue: |
4 |
| Pages: |
1115-22 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Maruyama T |
| Year: |
2018 |
| Journal: |
Biochem Biophys Res Commun |
| Title: |
Alteration of global protein SUMOylation in neurons and astrocytes in response to Alzheimer's disease-associated insults. |
| Volume: |
500 |
| Issue: |
2 |
| Pages: |
470-475 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Zhang Q |
| Year: |
2023 |
| Journal: |
Cell Rep |
| Title: |
hnRNPA1 SUMOylation promotes cold hypersensitivity in chronic inflammatory pain by stabilizing TRPA1 mRNA. |
| Volume: |
42 |
| Issue: |
11 |
| Pages: |
113401 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Foran E |
| Year: |
2011 |
| Journal: |
Glia |
| Title: |
Motor neuron impairment mediated by a sumoylated fragment of the glial glutamate transporter EAAT2. |
| Volume: |
59 |
| Issue: |
11 |
| Pages: |
1719-31 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Jiang H |
| Year: |
2014 |
| Journal: |
Hum Mol Genet |
| Title: |
Genetic deletion of TNFRII gene enhances the Alzheimer-like pathology in an APP transgenic mouse model via reduction of phosphorylated IκBα. |
| Volume: |
23 |
| Issue: |
18 |
| Pages: |
4906-18 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Janer A |
| Year: |
2010 |
| Journal: |
Hum Mol Genet |
| Title: |
SUMOylation attenuates the aggregation propensity and cellular toxicity of the polyglutamine expanded ataxin-7. |
| Volume: |
19 |
| Issue: |
1 |
| Pages: |
181-95 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Yu HI |
| Year: |
2020 |
| Journal: |
Dev Dyn |
| Title: |
The requirement of SUMO2/3 for SENP2 mediated extraembryonic and embryonic development. |
| Volume: |
249 |
| Issue: |
2 |
| Pages: |
237-244 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Zhang H |
| Year: |
2016 |
| Journal: |
Cell Death Dis |
| Title: |
SUMO-specific protease 1 protects neurons from apoptotic death during transient brain ischemia/reperfusion. |
| Volume: |
7 |
| Issue: |
11 |
| Pages: |
e2484 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Ihara M |
| Year: |
2008 |
| Journal: |
Biol Reprod |
| Title: |
UBE2I (UBC9), a SUMO-conjugating enzyme, localizes to nuclear speckles and stimulates transcription in mouse oocytes. |
| Volume: |
79 |
| Issue: |
5 |
| Pages: |
906-13 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Dai XQ |
| Year: |
2011 |
| Journal: |
Diabetes |
| Title: |
SUMOylation regulates insulin exocytosis downstream of secretory granule docking in rodents and humans. |
| Volume: |
60 |
| Issue: |
3 |
| Pages: |
838-47 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Brantis-de-Carvalho CE |
| Year: |
2015 |
| Journal: |
Exp Cell Res |
| Title: |
MxA interacts with and is modified by the SUMOylation machinery. |
| Volume: |
330 |
| Issue: |
1 |
| Pages: |
151-63 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Rossner MJ |
| Year: |
2014 |
| Journal: |
Brain Res |
| Title: |
Thy1.2 driven expression of transgenic His₆-SUMO2 in the brain of mice alters a restricted set of genes. |
| Volume: |
1575 |
|
| Pages: |
1-11 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Chenfei Z |
| Year: |
2022 |
| Journal: |
Neurosci Lett |
| Title: |
Effects of aerobic exercise on hippocampal SUMOylation in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. |
| Volume: |
767 |
|
| Pages: |
136303 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Chen CH |
| Year: |
2024 |
| Journal: |
BMC Mol Cell Biol |
| Title: |
Sumoylation of SAP130 regulates its interaction with FAF1 as well as its protein stability and transcriptional repressor function. |
| Volume: |
25 |
| Issue: |
1 |
| Pages: |
2 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Chung CD |
| Year: |
1997 |
| Journal: |
Science |
| Title: |
Specific inhibition of Stat3 signal transduction by PIAS3. |
| Volume: |
278 |
| Issue: |
5344 |
| Pages: |
1803-5 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Rödel B |
| Year: |
2000 |
| Journal: |
EMBO J |
| Title: |
The zinc finger protein Gfi-1 can enhance STAT3 signaling by interacting with the STAT3 inhibitor PIAS3. |
| Volume: |
19 |
| Issue: |
21 |
| Pages: |
5845-55 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Levy C |
| Year: |
2002 |
| Journal: |
J Biol Chem |
| Title: |
A new role for the STAT3 inhibitor, PIAS3: a repressor of microphthalmia transcription factor. |
| Volume: |
277 |
| Issue: |
3 |
| Pages: |
1962-6 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Ouyang Y |
| Year: |
2006 |
| Journal: |
Mutat Res |
| Title: |
Loss of Ubr2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, leads to chromosome fragility and impaired homologous recombinational repair. |
| Volume: |
596 |
| Issue: |
1-2 |
| Pages: |
64-75 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Protein |
| Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
| Length: |
75
 |
| Fragment?: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Belgareh-Touzé N |
| Year: |
2008 |
| Journal: |
Biochem Soc Trans |
| Title: |
Versatile role of the yeast ubiquitin ligase Rsp5p in intracellular trafficking. |
| Volume: |
36 |
| Issue: |
Pt 5 |
| Pages: |
791-6 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Loring GL |
| Year: |
2008 |
| Journal: |
Cell Cycle |
| Title: |
Yeast Chfr homologs retard cell cycle at G1 and G2/M via Ubc4 and Ubc13/Mms2-dependent ubiquitination. |
| Volume: |
7 |
| Issue: |
1 |
| Pages: |
96-105 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Morris JR |
| Year: |
2004 |
| Journal: |
Hum Mol Genet |
| Title: |
BRCA1 : BARD1 induces the formation of conjugated ubiquitin structures, dependent on K6 of ubiquitin, in cells during DNA replication and repair. |
| Volume: |
13 |
| Issue: |
8 |
| Pages: |
807-17 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Park JH |
| Year: |
2014 |
| Journal: |
Nat Commun |
| Title: |
Modification of DBC1 by SUMO2/3 is crucial for p53-mediated apoptosis in response to DNA damage. |
| Volume: |
5 |
|
| Pages: |
5483 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Sun X |
| Year: |
2014 |
| Journal: |
PLoS One |
| Title: |
Characterization of nuclear localization and SUMOylation of the ATBF1 transcription factor in epithelial cells. |
| Volume: |
9 |
| Issue: |
3 |
| Pages: |
e92746 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Mahajan R |
| Year: |
1997 |
| Journal: |
Cell |
| Title: |
A small ubiquitin-related polypeptide involved in targeting RanGAP1 to nuclear pore complex protein RanBP2. |
| Volume: |
88 |
| Issue: |
1 |
| Pages: |
97-107 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Bayer P |
| Year: |
1998 |
| Journal: |
J Mol Biol |
| Title: |
Structure determination of the small ubiquitin-related modifier SUMO-1. |
| Volume: |
280 |
| Issue: |
2 |
| Pages: |
275-86 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Reverter D |
| Year: |
2005 |
| Journal: |
Nature |
| Title: |
Insights into E3 ligase activity revealed by a SUMO-RanGAP1-Ubc9-Nup358 complex. |
| Volume: |
435 |
| Issue: |
7042 |
| Pages: |
687-92 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Johnson ES |
| Year: |
2004 |
| Journal: |
Annu Rev Biochem |
| Title: |
Protein modification by SUMO. |
| Volume: |
73 |
|
| Pages: |
355-82 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Goettsch S |
| Year: |
2002 |
| Journal: |
Front Biosci |
| Title: |
Structural attributes in the conjugation of ubiquitin, SUMO and RUB to protein substrates. |
| Volume: |
7 |
|
| Pages: |
a148-62 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Saitoh H |
| Year: |
1997 |
| Journal: |
Trends Biochem Sci |
| Title: |
SUMO-1: wrestling with a new ubiquitin-related modifier. |
| Volume: |
22 |
| Issue: |
10 |
| Pages: |
374-6 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Melchior F |
| Year: |
2002 |
| Journal: |
Cell Cycle |
| Title: |
SUMO-1 and p53. |
| Volume: |
1 |
| Issue: |
4 |
| Pages: |
245-9 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Um JW |
| Year: |
2006 |
| Journal: |
J Neurosci Res |
| Title: |
Functional modulation of parkin through physical interaction with SUMO-1. |
| Volume: |
84 |
| Issue: |
7 |
| Pages: |
1543-54 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Protein Domain |
| Type: |
Domain |
| Description: |
This entry represents the ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain found in small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 (SUMO1) and similar proteins from animals. SUMO1 is a binding partner of the RAD51/52 nucleoprotein filament proteins, which mediate DNA strand exchange [, , ]. Its conjugation to cellular proteins has been implicated in multiple important cellular processes, such as nuclear transport, cell cycle control, oncogenesis, inflammation, and the response to virus infection [, , , ]. SUMO resembles ubiquitin (Ub) in structure, binding to other proteins and the mechanism of ligation. Ubiquitin (Ub) is a protein modifier in eukaryotes that is involved in various cellular processes including transcriptional regulation, cell cycle control, and DNA repair. Ubiquitination is comprised of a cascade of E1, E2 and E3 enzymes that results in a covalent bond between the C terminus of Ub and the ε-amino group of a substrate lysine. SUMOs, like Ub, are covalently conjugated to lysine residues in a wide variety of target proteins in eukaryotic cells and regulate numerous cellular processes, such as transcription, epigenetic gene control, genomic instability, and protein degradation [, , ]. |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Protein Domain |
| Type: |
Family |
| Description: |
This entry represents E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF8, which may be required for proper exit from mitosis after spindle checkpoint activation and may regulate cytokinesis. This enzyme promotes the formation of 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains and functions with the specific ubiquitin-conjugating UBC13-MMS2 (UBE2N-UBE2V2) heterodimer [, ]. Substrates that are poly-ubiquitinated at 'Lys-63' are usually not targeted for degradation. RNF8 acts following DNA double-strand break (DSB) formation, and is recruited to the sites of damage by ATM-phosphorylated MDC1, where it promotes the formation of TP53BP1 and BRCA1 ionizing radiation-induced foci (IRIF) [, ]. It may play a role in the regulation of RXRA-mediated transcriptional activity, but is not involved in RXRA ubiquitination by UBE2E2.Ubiquitinylation is an ATP-dependent process that involves the action of at least three enzymes: a ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1, ), a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2, ), and a ubiquitin ligase (E3, , ), which work sequentially in a cascade. There are many different E3 ligases, which are responsible for the type of ubiquitin chain formed, the specificity of the target protein, and the regulation of the ubiquitinylation process []. Ubiquitinylation is an important regulatory tool that controls the concentration of key signalling proteins, such as those involved in cell cycle control, as well as removing misfolded, damaged or mutant proteins that could be harmful to the cell. Several ubiquitin-like molecules have been discovered, such as Ufm1 (), SUMO1 (), NEDD8, Rad23 (), Elongin B and Parkin (), the latter being involved in Parkinson's disease []. |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Protein Domain |
| Type: |
Family |
| Description: |
PIAS3 is an E3-type small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) ligases, stabilising the interaction between UBE2I and Ubc9 respectively and the substrate, and as a SUMO-tethering factor. It plays a crucial role as a transcriptional coregulation in various cellular pathways, including the STAT pathway and the steroid hormone signaling pathway [, , , ].PIAS3 sumoylates CCAR2, promoting its interaction with SIRT1 []and diminishes the sumoylation of ZFHX3 by preventing the colocalization of ZFHX3 with SUMO1 in the nucleus [].SUMO proteins are ubiquitin like proteins that are covalently attached to and detached from other proteins in cells to modify their function. SUMO is first activated in an ATP-dependent reaction by formation of a thioester bond with an E1 (SUMO-activating) enzyme and then transferred to the SUMO conjugating (E2) enzyme Ubc9. Ubc9 catalyses the formation of an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal of SUMO and the amino group of lysine in the target protein. Sumoylated proteins can be targeted for different cellular processes, such as nuclear transport, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, and protein stability []. |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Gorski PA |
| Year: |
2019 |
| Journal: |
Circ Res |
| Title: |
Role of SIRT1 in Modulating Acetylation of the Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-ATPase in Heart Failure. |
| Volume: |
124 |
| Issue: |
9 |
| Pages: |
e63-e80 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Chhunchha B |
| Year: |
2014 |
| Journal: |
FEBS J |
| Title: |
Aberrant sumoylation signaling evoked by reactive oxygen species impairs protective function of Prdx6 by destabilization and repression of its transcription. |
| Volume: |
281 |
| Issue: |
15 |
| Pages: |
3357-81 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Chen Y |
| Year: |
2024 |
| Journal: |
J Adv Res |
| Title: |
Exercise-Induced Reduction of IGF1R Sumoylation Attenuates Neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice. |
|
|
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Verma DK |
| Year: |
2020 |
| Journal: |
eNeuro |
| Title: |
The SUMO Conjugase Ubc9 Protects Dopaminergic Cells from Cytotoxicity and Enhances the Stability of α-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease Models. |
| Volume: |
7 |
| Issue: |
5 |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Hatakeyama S |
| Year: |
2003 |
| Journal: |
Biochem Biophys Res Commun |
| Title: |
U-box proteins as a new family of ubiquitin ligases. |
| Volume: |
302 |
| Issue: |
4 |
| Pages: |
635-45 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
| Publication |
| First Author: |
Ross CA |
| Year: |
2004 |
| Journal: |
Trends Cell Biol |
| Title: |
The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. |
| Volume: |
14 |
| Issue: |
12 |
| Pages: |
703-11 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|