Type |
Details |
Score |
Publication |
First Author: |
Khattar R |
Year: |
2013 |
Journal: |
PLoS One |
Title: |
Targeted deletion of FGL2 leads to increased early viral replication and enhanced adaptive immunity in a murine model of acute viral hepatitis caused by LCMV WE. |
Volume: |
8 |
Issue: |
10 |
Pages: |
e72309 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Da Rosa LC |
Year: |
2018 |
Journal: |
Diabetologia |
Title: |
B cell depletion reduces T cell activation in pancreatic islets in a murine autoimmune diabetes model. |
Volume: |
61 |
Issue: |
6 |
Pages: |
1397-1410 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Bockerstett KA |
Year: |
2018 |
Journal: |
Int J Mol Sci |
Title: |
Molecular Characterization of Gastric Epithelial Cells Using Flow Cytometry. |
Volume: |
19 |
Issue: |
4 |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Dewar AL |
Year: |
2001 |
Journal: |
Immunology |
Title: |
Acquisition of immune function during the development of the Langerhans cell network in neonatal mice. |
Volume: |
103 |
Issue: |
1 |
Pages: |
61-9 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Strid J |
Year: |
2001 |
Journal: |
Clin Exp Immunol |
Title: |
A defect in bone marrow derived dendritic cell maturation in the nonobesediabetic mouse. |
Volume: |
123 |
Issue: |
3 |
Pages: |
375-81 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Varma TK |
Year: |
2001 |
Journal: |
Infect Immun |
Title: |
Cellular mechanisms that cause suppressed gamma interferon secretion in endotoxin-tolerant mice. |
Volume: |
69 |
Issue: |
9 |
Pages: |
5249-63 |
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•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Bertolino P |
Year: |
1998 |
Journal: |
Eur J Immunol |
Title: |
Hepatocytes induce functional activation of naive CD8+ T lymphocytes but fail to promote survival. |
Volume: |
28 |
Issue: |
1 |
Pages: |
221-36 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Banerjee P |
Year: |
2008 |
Journal: |
Int Immunol |
Title: |
Porin-incorporated liposome induces Toll-like receptors 2- and 6-dependent maturation and type 1 response of dendritic cell. |
Volume: |
20 |
Issue: |
12 |
Pages: |
1551-63 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Wang F |
Year: |
2016 |
Journal: |
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol |
Title: |
Contribution of programmed cell death receptor (PD)-1 to Kupffer cell dysfunction in murine polymicrobial sepsis. |
Volume: |
311 |
Issue: |
2 |
Pages: |
G237-45 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Cao Y |
Year: |
2017 |
Journal: |
J Leukoc Biol |
Title: |
Frontline Science: Nasal epithelial GM-CSF contributes to TLR5-mediated modulation of airway dendritic cells and subsequent IgA response. |
Volume: |
102 |
Issue: |
3 |
Pages: |
575-587 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Tekguc M |
Year: |
2021 |
Journal: |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
Title: |
Treg-expressed CTLA-4 depletes CD80/CD86 by trogocytosis, releasing free PD-L1 on antigen-presenting cells. |
Volume: |
118 |
Issue: |
30 |
|
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Matundan HH |
Year: |
2021 |
Journal: |
mBio |
Title: |
Absence of CD28-CTLA4-PD-L1 Costimulatory Molecules Reduces Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Reactivation. |
Volume: |
12 |
Issue: |
4 |
Pages: |
e0117621 |
|
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•
•
•
•
|
Protein Domain |
Type: |
Family |
Description: |
T cell-dependent immune processes require cell-surface interactions thatmediate the initiation, modulation and the ultimate course of the response.The specificity of T cell recognition is determined by the engagement of theT cell receptor (TCR) on T cells with cognate peptide-MHC complexes presented by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Additional signals arerequired to sustain and enhance T cell activity, the most important of whichis provided by the engagement of CD28 on T cells with its ligands B7-1(CD80) and B7-2 (CD86). By contrast, the interaction of B7 isoformswith cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated molecule-4 CTLA-4, a CD28 homologue receptor on T cells (31% identity), provides inhibitory signals requiredfor down-regulation of the response, while it may also prevent T cell activation by weak TCR signals[, , , , ].Unlike CD28, which is not expressed on resting T cells, CTLA-4 is not detected on the cell surface until 24 hours after activation. In fact, Tcell activation leads to both increased CTLA4 gene expression andtrafficking of CTLA4 protein to the cell surface. In addition, CTLA-4exhibits an affinity for the B7 isoforms that is 10 to 100 times that forCD28. Covalent dimerisation of CTLA4 is required for its high bindingavidity, but each monomeric subunit also contains a binding site for CD80and CD86. It is likely that CTLA-4 directly competes with CD28 for bindingB7 and also directs the assembly of inhibitory signalling complexes thatlead to quiescence or anergy. Thus the balance between the opposing signals elicited by CD28 and CTLA-4 is central to the regulation of T cellresponsiveness and homeostasis. One mechanism by which CTLA-4 may performthis function is by regulating cell-cycle progression; by contrast with CD28, which down-regulates the cell-cycle inhibitor p27kip1, CTLA-4 prevents this degradation[, , ].Sequence comparison between human CTLA-4 and CD28 proteins suggests they arehomologous, with the highest of degree of similarity being in the juxta-membrane and cytoplasmic regions. In addition, the cytoplasmic domainsof human and murine CTLA-4 are identical, suggesting that this region hasimportant functional properties [].Typically, activation of T cells by TCR-engaging peptide-MHC is dramatically enhanced by interaction of the CD28 co-stimulatory receptor with its ligands CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) on the APC surface. Interestingly, CTLA-4 is transported from intracellular stores toward the region of the cell surface receiving activation signals. This suggests that binding of CD28 to its ligand may occur primarily at the centre of the mature immunological synapse, and that CTLA-4 may be transported to this site under certain circumstancesto block or reverse this effect. |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
365
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
321
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
94
 |
Fragment?: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
392
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
168
 |
Fragment?: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
177
 |
Fragment?: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
95
 |
Fragment?: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
279
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Park H |
Year: |
2005 |
Journal: |
Nat Immunol |
Title: |
A distinct lineage of CD4 T cells regulates tissue inflammation by producing interleukin 17. |
Volume: |
6 |
Issue: |
11 |
Pages: |
1133-41 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Schmitz C |
Year: |
2018 |
Journal: |
FASEB J |
Title: |
Mif-deficiency favors an atheroprotective autoantibody phenotype in atherosclerosis. |
Volume: |
32 |
Issue: |
8 |
Pages: |
4428-4443 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Shimizu K |
Year: |
2011 |
Journal: |
Circulation |
Title: |
Loss of myeloid related protein-8/14 exacerbates cardiac allograft rejection. |
Volume: |
124 |
Issue: |
25 |
Pages: |
2920-32 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Rip J |
Year: |
2019 |
Journal: |
Front Immunol |
Title: |
Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Drives Btk-Mediated Autoimmune Disease. |
Volume: |
10 |
|
Pages: |
95 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Ostrov DA |
Year: |
2000 |
Journal: |
Science |
Title: |
Structure of murine CTLA-4 and its role in modulating T cell responsiveness. |
Volume: |
290 |
Issue: |
5492 |
Pages: |
816-9 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Linsley PS |
Year: |
1991 |
Journal: |
J Exp Med |
Title: |
CTLA-4 is a second receptor for the B cell activation antigen B7. |
Volume: |
174 |
Issue: |
3 |
Pages: |
561-9 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Wang XB |
Year: |
2002 |
Journal: |
Scand J Immunol |
Title: |
Expression of CTLA-4 by human monocytes. |
Volume: |
55 |
Issue: |
1 |
Pages: |
53-60 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
868
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
247
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
627
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
249
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
583
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
622
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
609
 |
Fragment?: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
663
 |
Fragment?: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
413
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
487
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
247
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
555
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
353
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
868
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
932
 |
Fragment?: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
570
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
459
 |
Fragment?: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
213
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
345
 |
Fragment?: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
224
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
310
 |
Fragment?: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
582
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
650
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
582
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
583
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
232
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
868
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Bork P |
Year: |
1994 |
Journal: |
J Mol Biol |
Title: |
The immunoglobulin fold. Structural classification, sequence patterns and common core. |
Volume: |
242 |
Issue: |
4 |
Pages: |
309-20 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Publication |
First Author: |
Baban B |
Year: |
2011 |
Journal: |
J Immunol |
Title: |
Physiologic control of IDO competence in splenic dendritic cells. |
Volume: |
187 |
Issue: |
5 |
Pages: |
2329-35 |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
454
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
275
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
393
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
402
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
290
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
270
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
326
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
270
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
322
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
789
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
700
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
400
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
458
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
530
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
549
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
508
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
390
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
344
 |
Fragment?: |
true |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
346
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
315
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
408
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
250
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
312
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
278
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
286
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
237
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
423
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
306
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
408
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
237
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
467
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
467
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
275
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
700
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
361
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
514
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
408
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
322
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
245
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
530
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
415
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
467
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|
Protein |
Organism: |
Mus musculus/domesticus |
Length: |
323
 |
Fragment?: |
false |
|
•
•
•
•
•
|