| First Author | Schorer M | Year | 2020 |
| Journal | Nat Commun | Volume | 11 |
| Issue | 1 | Pages | 1522 |
| PubMed ID | 32251280 | Mgi Jnum | J:289131 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:6406102 | Doi | 10.1038/s41467-020-15309-6 |
| Citation | Schorer M, et al. (2020) Rapid expansion of Treg cells protects from collateral colitis following a viral trigger. Nat Commun 11(1):1522 |
| abstractText | Foxp3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells are essential for maintaining peripheral tolerance and preventing autoimmunity. While genetic factors may predispose for autoimmunity, additional environmental triggers, such as viral infections, are usually required to initiate the onset of disease. Here, we show that viral infection with LCMV results in type I IFN-dependent Treg cell loss that is rapidly compensated by the conversion and expansion of Vbeta5(+) conventional T cells into iTreg cells. Using Vbeta5-deficient mice, we show that these Vbeta5(+) iTreg cells are dispensable for limiting anti-viral immunity. Rather, the delayed replenishment of Treg cells in Vbeta5-deficient mice compromises suppression of microbiota-dependent activation of CD8(+) T cells, resulting in colitis. Importantly, recovery from clinical symptoms in IBD patients is marked by expansion of the corresponding Vbeta2(+) Treg population in humans. Collectively, we provide a link between a viral trigger and an impaired Treg cell compartment resulting in the initiation of immune pathology. |
