| Primary Identifier | IPR002274 | Type | Family |
| Short Name | TSH_rcpt |
| description | Glycoprotein hormone receptors are members the rhodopsin-like G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) family. They function as receptors for the pituitary hormones thyrotropin (TSH receptor), follitropin (FSH receptor) and lutropin (LH receptor). In mammals the LH receptor is also the receptor for the placental hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), so is denominated as a lutropin-choriogonadotropic hormone receptor (LHCG receptor). The receptors share close sequence similarity, and are characterised by large extracellular domains believed to be involved in hormone binding via leucine-rich repeats (LRR) [].This entry represents the thyrotropin receptor, also known as thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) is synthesised in the thyrotroph cells of the anterior pituitary under the influence of TSH and thyroid hormones [, ]. Upon binding circulating thyrotropin, a G-protein signal cascade activates adenylyl cyclase and intercellular levels of cAMP rise. cAMP activates all functional aspects of the thyroid cell, including iodine pumping; thyroglobulin synthesis, iodination, endocytosis and proteolysis; thyroid peroxidase activity; and hormone release [, ]. Graves disease is caused by stimulatory anti-TSH receptor antibodies [, ]. |
