| Primary Identifier | IPR003508 | Type | Domain |
| Short Name | CIDE-N_dom |
| description | The CIDE-N or CAD domain is a ~78 amino acid protein-protein interaction domain in the N-terminal part of Cell death-Inducing DFF45-like Effector (CIDE) proteins, involved in apoptosis. At the final stage of programmed cell death, chromosomal DNA is degraded into fragments by Caspase-activated DNase (CAD), also named DNA fragmentation factor 40kDa (DFF40). In normal cells CAD/DFF40 is completely inhibited by its binding to DFF45 or Inhibitor of CAD (ICAD). Apoptotic stimuli provoke cleavage of ICAD/DFF45 by caspases, resulting in self-assembly of CAD/DFF40 into the active dimer [].Both CAD/DFF40 and ICAD/DFF45 possess an N-terminal CIDE-N domain that is involved in their interaction. The name of the CIDE-N domain refers to the CIDE proteins and CAD, where the domain forms the N-terminal part [, ]. The CIDE-N domains from different proteins can interact, e.g. CIDE-N of CIDE-B and ICAD/DFF45 with CIDE-N of CAD/DFF40, and such interactions can also be needed for proper folding [, ].Tertiary structures show that the CIDE-N domain forms an alpha/beta roll fold of five β-strands forming a single, mixed parallel/anti-parallel β-sheet with one []or two [, ]α-helices packed against the sheet. Binding surfaces of the CIDE-N domain form a central hydrophobic cluster, while specific binding interfaces can be formed by charged patches.Some proteins known to contain a CIDE-N domain include:Mammalian DNA fragmentation factor 40kDa (DFF40) or Caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease (CAD), an endonuclease that induces DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation during apoptosis. The degradation of chromosomal DNA by CAD/DFF40 will kill the cells.Mammalian DNA fragmentation factor 45kDa (DFF45) or Inhibitor of CAD (ICAD), which controls the activity and proper folding of CAD/DFF40. Mammalian CIDE-A and CIDE-B, activators of cell death and DNA fragmentation that can be inhibited by ICAD/DFF45. In contrast with CAD and ICAD, the CIDE proteins are expressed in a highly restricted way and show pronounced tissue specificity.Fruit fly DNAation factor DREP1, a DFF45 homologue that can inhibit CIDE-A-induced apoptosis. |
