| Primary Identifier | IPR031076 | Type | Family |
| Short Name | HMGB1 |
| description | This entry represents HMGB1 (also known as HMG-1). It has been implicated as an important mediator of many chronic inflammatory diseases, including asthma [, ]. During infection or injury, activated immune cells and damaged cells release HMGB1 into the extracellular space, where HMGB1 functions as a proinflammatory mediator []. Intracellular HMGB1 also has a role during inflammation. Cytosolic HMGB1 regulates apoptosis by protecting the autophagy proteins beclin 1 and ATG5 from calpain-mediated cleavage during inflammation, therefore controlling the switch between the proautophagic and proapoptotic function []. Nuclear HMGB1 is engaged in many DNA activity-associated events.The high mobility group (HMG) proteins are the most abundant and ubiquitous nonhistone chromosomal proteins. They bind to DNA and to nucleosomes and are involved in the regulation of DNA-dependent processes such as transcription, replication, recombination, and DNA repair. They can be grouped into three families: HMGB (HMG 1/2), HMGN (HMG 14/17) and HMGA (HMG I/Y). The characteristic domains are: AT-hook for the HMGA family, the HMG Box for the HMGB family, and the nucleosome-binding domain (NBD) for the members of the HMGN family []. |
