| First Author | Weissmann L | Year | 2014 |
| Journal | Diabetes | Volume | 63 |
| Issue | 10 | Pages | 3334-45 |
| PubMed ID | 24812431 | Mgi Jnum | J:229836 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:5754667 | Doi | 10.2337/db13-1817 |
| Citation | Weissmann L, et al. (2014) IKKepsilon is key to induction of insulin resistance in the hypothalamus, and its inhibition reverses obesity. Diabetes 63(10):3334-45 |
| abstractText | IKK epsilon (IKKepsilon) is induced by the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). Whole-body IKKepsilon knockout mice on a high-fat diet (HFD) were protected from insulin resistance and showed altered energy balance. We demonstrate that IKKepsilon is expressed in neurons and is upregulated in the hypothalamus of obese mice, contributing to insulin and leptin resistance. Blocking IKKepsilon in the hypothalamus of obese mice with CAYMAN10576 or small interfering RNA decreased NF-kappaB activation in this tissue, relieving the inflammatory environment. Inhibition of IKKepsilon activity, but not TBK1, reduced IRS-1(Ser307) phosphorylation and insulin and leptin resistance by an improvement of the IR/IRS-1/Akt and JAK2/STAT3 pathways in the hypothalamus. These improvements were independent of body weight and food intake. Increased insulin and leptin action/signaling in the hypothalamus may contribute to a decrease in adiposity and hypophagia and an enhancement of energy expenditure accompanied by lower NPY and increased POMC mRNA levels. Improvement of hypothalamic insulin action decreases fasting glycemia, glycemia after pyruvate injection, and PEPCK protein expression in the liver of HFD-fed and db/db mice, suggesting a reduction in hepatic glucose production. We suggest that IKKepsilon may be a key inflammatory mediator in the hypothalamus of obese mice, and its hypothalamic inhibition improves energy and glucose metabolism. |
