| First Author | Chou FC | Year | 2009 |
| Journal | Eur J Immunol | Volume | 39 |
| Issue | 9 | Pages | 2403-11 |
| PubMed ID | 19670381 | Mgi Jnum | J:152168 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:4356376 | Doi | 10.1002/eji.200839177 |
| Citation | Chou FC, et al. (2009) Attenuation of Th1 response through galectin-9 and T-cell Ig mucin 3 interaction inhibits autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice. Eur J Immunol 39(9):2403-11 |
| abstractText | Galectin-9 (gal-9), widely expressed in many tissues, regulates Th1 cells and induces their apoptosis through its receptor, T-cell Ig mucin 3, which is mainly expressed on terminally differentiated Th1 cells. Type 1 diabetes is a Th1-dominant autoimmune disease that specifically destroys insulin-producing beta cells. To suppress the Th1 immune response in the development of autoimmune diabetes, we overexpressed gal-9 in NOD mice by injection of a plasmid encoding gal-9. Mice treated with gal-9 plasmid were significantly protected from diabetes and showed less severe insulitis compared with controls. Flow cytometric analyses in NOD-T1/2 double transgenic mice showed that Th1-cell population in spleen, pancreatic lymph node and pancreas was markedly decreased in gal-9 plasmid-treated mice, indicating a negative regulatory role of gal-9 in the development of pathogenic Th1 cells. Splenocytes from gal-9 plasmid-treated mice were less responsive to mitogenic stimulation than splenocytes from the control group. However, adoptive transfer of splenocytes from gal-9-treated or control mice caused diabetes in NOD/SCID recipients with similar kinetics, suggesting that gal-9 treatment does not induce active tolerance in NOD mice. We conclude that gal-9 may downregulate Th1 immune response in NOD mice and could be used as a therapeutic target in autoimmune diabetes. |
