| First Author | Takemiya T | Year | 2017 |
| Journal | Front Behav Neurosci | Volume | 11 |
| Pages | 202 | PubMed ID | 29123474 |
| Mgi Jnum | J:275236 | Mgi Id | MGI:6305969 |
| Doi | 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00202 | Citation | Takemiya T, et al. (2017) Brain Interleukin-1 Facilitates Learning of a Water Maze Spatial Memory Task in Young Mice. Front Behav Neurosci 11:202 |
| abstractText | The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) is produced by many types of cells, including immune cells in the periphery and glia and neurons in the brain. The type I IL-1 receptor (IL-1r1) is primarily responsible for transmitting the inflammatory effects of IL-1 and mediates several biological functions by binding to either IL-1alpha or IL-1beta. IL-1beta activation is associated with hippocampus-dependent memory tasks. Although IL-1beta impairs spatial memory under certain pathophysiological conditions, IL-1beta may be required for the normal physiological regulation of hippocampal plasticity and memory. In addition, brain IL-1beta levels are thought to change in the hippocampus in an age-dependent manner. These findings suggest that IL-1beta may have a beneficial, temporary effect on learning and memory in young mice, but the matter remains unclear. Therefore, we hypothesized that hippocampal IL-1beta has a beneficial effect on spatial learning and memory in young mice via IL-1r1, which is diminished in adults. We investigated the performance of young (3-month-old) and adult (6-month-old) wild-type mice, IL-1beta knockout mice (IL-1betako) and IL-1r1 knockout mice (IL-1r1ko) in learning a spatial memory task with a fixed platform in a water maze (WM) and measured the levels of IL-1beta and IL-1alpha in the hippocampus and cortex of adult and young mice by using homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF). Learning was significantly impaired in the training trials of the WM spatial memory task in young IL-1betako and IL-1r1ko mice but not in adult IL-1betako and IL-1r1ko mice. Moreover, young IL-1r1ko mice but not IL-1betako mice showed an impairment in long-term memory extinction, suggesting that IL-1alpha might facilitate memory extinction. In this study, the cytokine assay using HTRF did not indicate a higher expression of hippocampal IL-1 in young mice but cortical IL-1beta and IL-1alpha were significantly increased in adult mice. We need to investigate the role of cortical IL-1 and the local IL-1 expression in the hippocampal neurons in the future. |
