| First Author | Stefan KL | Year | 2020 |
| Journal | Cell | Volume | 183 |
| Issue | 5 | Pages | 1312-1324.e10 |
| PubMed ID | 33212011 | Mgi Jnum | J:298613 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:6477761 | Doi | 10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.047 |
| Citation | Stefan KL, et al. (2020) Commensal Microbiota Modulation of Natural Resistance to Virus Infection. Cell 183(5):1312-1324.e10 |
| abstractText | Interferon (IFN)-Is are crucial mediators of antiviral immunity and homeostatic immune system regulation. However, the source of IFN-I signaling under homeostatic conditions is unclear. We discovered that commensal microbes regulate the IFN-I response through induction of IFN-beta by colonic DCs. Moreover, the mechanism by which a specific commensal microbe induces IFN-beta was identified. Outer membrane (OM)-associated glycolipids of gut commensal microbes belonging to the Bacteroidetes phylum induce expression of IFN-beta. Using Bacteroides fragilis and its OM-associated polysaccharide A, we determined that IFN-beta expression was induced via TLR4-TRIF signaling. Antiviral activity of this purified microbial molecule against infection with either vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) or influenza was demonstrated to be dependent on the induction of IFN-beta. In a murine VSV infection model, commensal-induced IFN-beta regulated natural resistance to virus infection. Due to the physiological importance of IFN-Is, discovery of an IFN-beta-inducing microbial molecule represents a potential approach for the treatment of some human diseases. |
