| First Author | Kim J | Year | 2018 |
| Journal | Skelet Muscle | Volume | 8 |
| Issue | 1 | Pages | 39 |
| PubMed ID | 30591079 | Mgi Jnum | J:280847 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:6377189 | Doi | 10.1186/s13395-018-0184-8 |
| Citation | Kim J, et al. (2018) beta-arrestin 1 regulates beta2-adrenergic receptor-mediated skeletal muscle hypertrophy and contractility. Skelet Muscle 8(1):39 |
| abstractText | BACKGROUND: beta2-adrenergic receptors (beta2ARs) are the target of catecholamines and play fundamental roles in cardiovascular, pulmonary, and skeletal muscle physiology. An important action of beta2AR stimulation on skeletal muscle is anabolic growth, which has led to the use of agonists such as clenbuterol by athletes to enhance muscle performance. While previous work has demonstrated that beta2ARs can engage distinct signaling and functional cascades mediated by either G proteins or the multifunctional adaptor protein, beta-arrestin, the precise role of beta-arrestin in skeletal muscle physiology is not known. Here, we tested the hypothesis that agonist activation of the beta2AR by clenbuterol would engage beta-arrestin as a key transducer of anabolic skeletal muscle growth. METHODS: The contractile force of isolated extensor digitorum longus muscle (EDL) and calcium signaling in isolated flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) fibers were examined from the wild-type (WT) and beta-arrestin 1 knockout mice (betaarr1KO) followed by chronic administration of clenbuterol (1 mg/kg/d). Hypertrophic responses including fiber composition and fiber size were examined by immunohistochemical imaging. We performed a targeted phosphoproteomic analysis on clenbuterol stimulated primary cultured myoblasts from WT and betaarr1KO mice. Statistical significance was determined by using a two-way analysis with Sidak's or Tukey's multiple comparison test and the Student's t test. RESULTS: Chronic administration of clenbuterol to WT mice enhanced the contractile force of EDL muscle and calcium signaling in isolated FDB fibers. In contrast, when administered to betaarr1KO mice, the effect of clenbuterol on contractile force and calcium influx was blunted. While clenbuterol-induced hypertrophic responses were observed in WT mice, this response was abrogated in mice lacking beta-arrestin 1. In primary cultured myoblasts, clenbuterol-stimulated phosphorylation of multiple pro-hypertrophy proteins required the presence of beta-arrestin 1. CONCLUSIONS: We have identified a previously unappreciated role for beta-arrestin 1 in mediating beta2AR-stimulated skeletal muscle growth and strength. We propose these findings could have important implications in the design of future pharmacologic agents aimed at reversing pathological conditions associated with skeletal muscle wasting. |
