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Publication : Neuronal activity determines distinct gliotransmitter release from a single astrocyte.

First Author  Covelo A Year  2018
Journal  Elife Volume  7
PubMed ID  29380725 Mgi Jnum  J:256835
Mgi Id  MGI:6116988 Doi  10.7554/eLife.32237
Citation  Covelo A, et al. (2018) Neuronal activity determines distinct gliotransmitter release from a single astrocyte. Elife 7:e32237
abstractText  Accumulating evidence indicates that astrocytes are actively involved in brain function by regulating synaptic activity and plasticity. Different gliotransmitters, such as glutamate, ATP, GABA or D-serine, released form astrocytes have been shown to induce different forms of synaptic regulation. However, whether a single astrocyte may release different gliotransmitters is unknown. Here we show that mouse hippocampal astrocytes activated by endogenous (neuron-released endocannabinoids or GABA) or exogenous (single astrocyte Ca(2+) uncaging) stimuli modulate putative single CA3-CA1 hippocampal synapses. The astrocyte-mediated synaptic modulation was biphasic and consisted of an initial glutamate-mediated potentiation followed by a purinergic-mediated depression of neurotransmitter release. The temporal dynamic properties of this biphasic synaptic regulation depended on the firing frequency and duration of the neuronal activity that stimulated astrocytes. Present results indicate that single astrocytes can decode neuronal activity and, in response, release distinct gliotransmitters to differentially regulate neurotransmission at putative single synapses.
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