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Publication : ADAR1 mutation causes ZBP1-dependent immunopathology.

First Author  Hubbard NW Year  2022
Journal  Nature Volume  607
Issue  7920 Pages  769-775
PubMed ID  35859177 Mgi Jnum  J:331943
Mgi Id  MGI:7367313 Doi  10.1038/s41586-022-04896-7
Citation  Hubbard NW, et al. (2022) ADAR1 mutation causes ZBP1-dependent immunopathology. Nature 607(7920):769-775
abstractText  The RNA-editing enzyme ADAR1 is essential for the suppression of innate immune activation and pathology caused by aberrant recognition of self-RNA, a role it carries out by disrupting the duplex structure of endogenous double-stranded RNA species(1,2). A point mutation in the sequence encoding the Z-DNA-binding domain (ZBD) of ADAR1 is associated with severe autoinflammatory disease(3-5). ZBP1 is the only other ZBD-containing mammalian protein(6), and its activation can trigger both cell death and transcriptional responses through the kinases RIPK1 and RIPK3, and the protease caspase 8 (refs. (7-9)). Here we show that the pathology caused by alteration of the ZBD of ADAR1 is driven by activation of ZBP1. We found that ablation of ZBP1 fully rescued the overt pathology caused by ADAR1 alteration, without fully reversing the underlying inflammatory program caused by this alteration. Whereas loss of RIPK3 partially phenocopied the protective effects of ZBP1 ablation, combined deletion of caspase 8 and RIPK3, or of caspase 8 and MLKL, unexpectedly exacerbated the pathogenic effects of ADAR1 alteration. These findings indicate that ADAR1 is a negative regulator of sterile ZBP1 activation, and that ZBP1-dependent signalling underlies the autoinflammatory pathology caused by alteration of ADAR1.
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