| Type | MGI:General | Description | elevating extracellular calcium concentration to promote sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium overload, induces little or no calcium waves in hearts hearts show resilience to caffeine- and epinephrine-promoted spontaneous calcium waves at high stimulation frequencies, hearts are more prone to calcium alternans and exhibit prolonged calcium release refractoriness ventricular myocytes show an electrophysiological remodeling of surface membrane currents the Na/Ca exchange current is substantially augmented in ventricular myocytes the transient outward potassium current density and voltage-dependent activation are enhanced in ventricular myocytes ventricular myocytes are highly susceptible to early afterdepolarizations |
