| First Author | Heike T | Year | 1994 |
| Journal | Mol Immunol | Volume | 31 |
| Issue | 16 | Pages | 1269-75 |
| PubMed ID | 7969187 | Mgi Jnum | J:21645 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:69576 | Doi | 10.1016/0161-5890(94)90077-9 |
| Citation | Heike T, et al. (1994) Developmental changes of GM-CSF gene inducibility in embryonal carcinoma cells. Mol Immunol 31(16):1269-75 |
| abstractText | Murine embryonal carcinoma (EC) P19 cells, a tissue culture model of early embryonic development, failed to produce cytokines, such as interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-4, granulocytemacrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interferon-beta (IFN-beta) at the mRNA level. Differentiation induced by retinoic acid (RA) released this repression to produce some cytokines. GM-CSF and IFN-beta genes were expressed in response to PMA/A23187, poly(I):poly(C), IL-1 alpha, forskolin, or LPS stimulation in differentiated P19 cells, whereas IL-3 and IL-4 genes were not expressed. To elucidate the mechanism of the GM-CSF gene induction after differentiation, we transfected a series of 5' deletion mutants of the mouse GM-CSF promoter fused to the bacterial CAT gene. The 740-bp fragment of the 5'-flanking region mediated the positive response. Deletion analysis revealed that the 5' boundary region of the DNA element required for activation lies between positions -95 and -84 and the region upstream of position -95 appears inhibitory. These results indicate that the maturation of the transcriptional machinery after differentiation results in the activation of the GM-CSF gene. |
