| First Author | Luan J | Year | 1997 |
| Journal | J Leukoc Biol | Volume | 62 |
| Issue | 5 | Pages | 588-97 |
| PubMed ID | 9365113 | Mgi Jnum | J:44744 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:1101258 | Doi | 10.1002/jlb.62.5.588 |
| Citation | Luan J, et al. (1997) Mechanism and biological significance of constitutive expression of MGSA/GRO chemokines in malignant melanoma tumor progression. J Leukoc Biol 62(5):588-97 |
| abstractText | By reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunohistochemistry, MGSA-alpha, -beta, -gamma, and CXCR2 mRNA expression and proteins are detected in 7 out of 10 human melanoma lesions. The biological consequence of constitutive expression of the MGSA/GRO chemokine in immortalized melanocytes was tested in SCID and nude mouse models. Continuous expression of MGSA/GRO-alpha, -beta, or -gamma in immortalized melan-a mouse melanocytes results in nearly 100% tumor formation for each of the clones tested, whereas clones expressing only the neomycin resistance vector form tumors <10% of the time. Moreover, antibodies to the MGSA/GRO proteins slow or inhibit the formation of tumors in the SCID mouse model and block the angiogenic response to conditioned medium from the tumor-producing clones. Transcription of the MGSA/GRO chemokines is regulated by an enhancesome-like complex comprised of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), HMG(I)Y, IUR, and Sp1 elements. In Hs294T melanoma cells the half life of the IKB protein is shortened in comparison to normal retinal epithelial cells, facilitating the endogenous nuclear localization of NF-kappaB. We propose that this endogenous nuclear NF-kappaB, working in concert with the 115-kDa IUR-binding factor, promotes constitutive expression of MGSA/GRO genes. |
