| First Author | Mao L | Year | 2013 |
| Journal | PLoS One | Volume | 8 |
| Issue | 3 | Pages | e58168 |
| PubMed ID | 23472151 | Mgi Jnum | J:200201 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:5507783 | Doi | 10.1371/journal.pone.0058168 |
| Citation | Mao L, et al. (2013) Roles of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in inflammation and apoptosis in preeclampsia pathogenesis and progression. PLoS One 8(3):e58168 |
| abstractText | OBJECTIVES: To investigate potential roles of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and apolipoprotein (apoE) in inflammation and apoptosis promoting pathological changes in preeclampsia in pregnant mice with apoE and/or iNOS knock out. METHODS: B6.129 mice were crossed to produce WT, apoE(-/-), apoE(+/-), iNOS(-/-), iNOS(+/-) and apoE(-/-)iNOS(-/-) groups. Variants were confirmed by PCR. Serum lipid parameters (triglycerides, TG; total cholesterol, TC; high density lipoprotein, HDL; and low density lipoprotein, LDL), NO levels and placental electronic microscopic ultrastructures were evaluated, and blood pressure (BP), 24-hour urine protein and pregnancy outcomes were recorded for pregnant F1 generation mice. Placental expressions of inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNF-alpha; interleukin-6, IL-6; nuclear factor-kappaB, NF-kappab) and apoptotic markers (Bcl-2 associated X protein, Bax, B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3) were evaluated via Western blot. RESULTS: Serum lipids, BP and 24-hour urine protein levels were shown to be significantly higher and parturition and placenta weights were lower in apoE(-/-) and apoE(-/-)iNOS(-/-) groups (p<0.05). NO levels were lower in the apoE(-/-)iNOS(-/-) group. In addition, inflammatory/apoptosis parameters, including TNF-alpha, IL-6, NF-kappab, Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 in the apoE(-/-)iNOS(-/-) group (p<0.01), as well as in the apoE(-/-) group (p<0.05), and NF-kappaB, Bax in iNOS(-/-) group (p<0.05) were higher compared with WT group. However, most of the inflammatory/apoptosis parameters in the iNOS(+/-) and the apoE(+/-) groups (p>0.05) showed no differences. In addition, placenta vascular endothelial and trophoblast cell morphological changes were demonstrated in both the apoE(-/-)iNOS(-/-) and apoE(-/-) groups. CONCLUSION: Elevated lipid metabolism and inflammatory/apoptosis parameters suggest a potentially significant role of apoE in preeclampsia pathology, as well as a relationship between iNOS and preeclampsia progression. |
