| First Author | Zaaimi B | Year | 2023 |
| Journal | Nat Biomed Eng | Volume | 7 |
| Issue | 4 | Pages | 559-575 |
| PubMed ID | 36266536 | Mgi Jnum | J:392505 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:8263109 | Doi | 10.1038/s41551-022-00945-8 |
| Citation | Zaaimi B, et al. (2023) Closed-loop optogenetic control of the dynamics of neural activity in non-human primates. Nat Biomed Eng 7(4):559-575 |
| abstractText | Electrical neurostimulation is effective in the treatment of neurological disorders, but associated recording artefacts generally limit its applications to open-loop stimuli. Real-time and continuous closed-loop control of brain activity can, however, be achieved by pairing concurrent electrical recordings and optogenetics. Here we show that closed-loop optogenetic stimulation with excitatory opsins enables the precise manipulation of neural dynamics in brain slices from transgenic mice and in anaesthetized non-human primates. The approach generates oscillations in quiescent tissue, enhances or suppresses endogenous patterns in active tissue and modulates seizure-like bursts elicited by the convulsant 4-aminopyridine. A nonlinear model of the phase-dependent effects of optical stimulation reproduced the modulation of cycles of local-field potentials associated with seizure oscillations, as evidenced by the systematic changes in the variability and entropy of the phase-space trajectories of seizures, which correlated with changes in their duration and intensity. We also show that closed-loop optogenetic neurostimulation could be delivered using intracortical optrodes incorporating light-emitting diodes. Closed-loop optogenetic approaches may be translatable to therapeutic applications in humans. |
