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Publication : Regulation of antibacterial defense in the small intestine by the nuclear bile acid receptor.

First Author  Inagaki T Year  2006
Journal  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Volume  103
Issue  10 Pages  3920-5
PubMed ID  16473946 Mgi Jnum  J:107133
Mgi Id  MGI:3620334 Doi  10.1073/pnas.0509592103
Citation  Inagaki T, et al. (2006) Regulation of antibacterial defense in the small intestine by the nuclear bile acid receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103(10):3920-5
abstractText  Obstruction of bile flow results in bacterial proliferation and mucosal injury in the small intestine that can lead to the translocation of bacteria across the epithelial barrier and systemic infection. These adverse effects of biliary obstruction can be inhibited by administration of bile acids. Here we show that the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a nuclear receptor for bile acids, induces genes involved in enteroprotection and inhibits bacterial overgrowth and mucosal injury in ileum caused by bile duct ligation. Mice lacking FXR have increased ileal levels of bacteria and a compromised epithelial barrier. These findings reveal a central role for FXR in protecting the distal small intestine from bacterial invasion and suggest that FXR agonists may prevent epithelial deterioration and bacterial translocation in patients with impaired bile flow.
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