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Publication : A genome-wide association study identifies multiple loci for variation in human ear morphology.

First Author	Adhikari K	Year	2015
Journal	Nat Commun	Volume	6
Pages	7500	PubMed ID	26105758
Mgi Jnum	J:225734	Mgi Id	MGI:5694288
Doi	10.1038/ncomms8500	Citation	Adhikari K, et al. (2015) A genome-wide association study identifies multiple loci for variation in human ear morphology. Nat Commun 6:7500

abstractText

Here we report a genome-wide association study for non-pathological pinna morphology in over 5,000 Latin Americans. We find genome-wide significant association at seven genomic regions affecting: lobe size and attachment, folding of antihelix, helix rolling, ear protrusion and antitragus size (linear regression P values 2 x 10(-8) to 3 x 10(-14)). Four traits are associated with a functional variant in the Ectodysplasin A receptor (EDAR) gene, a key regulator of embryonic skin appendage development. We confirm expression of Edar in the developing mouse ear and that Edar-deficient mice have an abnormally shaped pinna. Two traits are associated with SNPs in a region overlapping the T-Box Protein 15 (TBX15) gene, a major determinant of mouse skeletal development. Strongest association in this region is observed for SNP rs17023457 located in an evolutionarily conserved binding site for the transcription factor Cartilage paired-class homeoprotein 1 (CART1), and we confirm that rs17023457 alters in vitro binding of CART1.

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