| First Author | Kalkavan H | Year | 2017 |
| Journal | Nat Commun | Volume | 8 |
| Pages | 14447 | PubMed ID | 28248314 |
| Mgi Jnum | J:354767 | Mgi Id | MGI:7736385 |
| Doi | 10.1038/ncomms14447 | Citation | Kalkavan H, et al. (2017) Spatiotemporally restricted arenavirus replication induces immune surveillance and type I interferon-dependent tumour regression. Nat Commun 8:14447 |
| abstractText | Immune-mediated effector molecules can limit cancer growth, but lack of sustained immune activation in the tumour microenvironment restricts antitumour immunity. New therapeutic approaches that induce a strong and prolonged immune activation would represent a major immunotherapeutic advance. Here we show that the arenaviruses lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and the clinically used Junin virus vaccine (Candid#1) preferentially replicate in tumour cells in a variety of murine and human cancer models. Viral replication leads to prolonged local immune activation, rapid regression of localized and metastatic cancers, and long-term disease control. Mechanistically, LCMV induces antitumour immunity, which depends on the recruitment of interferon-producing Ly6C(+) monocytes and additionally enhances tumour-specific CD8(+) T cells. In comparison with other clinically evaluated oncolytic viruses and to PD-1 blockade, LCMV treatment shows promising antitumoural benefits. In conclusion, therapeutically administered arenavirus replicates in cancer cells and induces tumour regression by enhancing local immune responses. |
