| First Author | Andris F | Year | 2011 |
| Journal | J Immunol | Volume | 186 |
| Issue | 4 | Pages | 2245-53 |
| PubMed ID | 21248260 | Mgi Jnum | J:169140 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:4939941 | Doi | 10.4049/jimmunol.1002333 |
| Citation | Andris F, et al. (2011) Metabolic stress boosts humoral responses in vivo independently of inflammasome and inflammatory reaction. J Immunol 186(4):2245-53 |
| abstractText | Adjuvant formulations boost humoral responses by acting through several, yet incompletely elucidated pathways. In this study, we show that oligomycin or 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribonucleoside (AICAR) enhances Ab production when coinjected with T cell-dependent Ags. Oligomycin and AICAR lead to intracellular ATP reduction, suggesting that metabolic stress could be sensed by immune cells and leads to increased humoral responses. AICAR promotes IL-4 and IL-21 by naive Th cells but does not affect dendritic cell activation/maturation in vitro or in vivo. Accordingly, the adjuvant effect of AICAR or oligomycin does not require MyD88 or caspase-1 expression in vivo. Because AICAR is well tolerated in humans, this compound could represent a novel and safe adjuvant promoting humoral responses in vivo with a minimal reactogenicity. |
